高等学校化学学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (5): 20220715.doi: 10.7503/cjcu20220715

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非热解共价有机聚合物基氧还原电催化材料

鲍春竹, 向中华()   

  1. 北京化工大学有机无机复合材料国家重点实验室, 北京 100029
  • 收稿日期:2022-11-11 出版日期:2023-05-10 发布日期:2022-12-15
  • 通讯作者: 向中华 E-mail:xiangzh@mail.buct.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFB3807500);国家自然科学基金(22220102003)

Pyrolysis-free Strategy of Covalent Organic Polymers-based Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalytic Materials

BAO Chunzhu, XIANG Zhonghua()   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Organic?Inorganic Composites,Beijing University of Chemical Technology,Beijing 100029,China
  • Received:2022-11-11 Online:2023-05-10 Published:2022-12-15
  • Contact: XIANG Zhonghua E-mail:xiangzh@mail.buct.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB3807500);the National Science Foundation of China(22220102003)

摘要:

在全球引入氢能技术助力实现碳中和目标的过程中, 高效、 低成本且长寿命的氧还原反应(ORR)阴极电催化剂具有重要作用. 近年来, 非贵金属催化剂的ORR催化活性和稳定性显著提高. 共价有机聚合物(COPs)因其可调节的孔隙率、 可修饰的骨架和周期性排列的有序结构而成为理想的分子结构定制的材料平台. 然而, 常用的高温热解合成策略中, 材料的结构变化不可预测, 真正的活性位点不明确, 阻碍了研究者对催化机理的深入探索. 非热解策略应运而生, 其可以充分发挥COP基材料可定制性的优势. 非热解COP基催化剂精确可控的结构能够为ORR催化机理的研究提供一个理想的模型, 从而指导设计催化性能更优秀的ORR电催化材料, 进一步促进材料的宏观制备. 本文从源头出发, 深入分析了ORR反应机理, 逐步归纳非热解COP基催化剂的设计原则和合成策略. 然后, 结合该领域内具有代表性的文献, 分析了非热解COP基材料电催化性能的影响因素, 系统阐述了非热解策略在ORR领域中的研究进展. 最后, 总结了本课题组对非热解COP基氧还原电催化材料的研究工作, 并进一步展望了非热解技术的发展前景及面临的挑战.

关键词: 非热解策略, 共价有机聚合物, 氧还原反应, 催化机理

Abstract:

High-efficient, low-cheap and long-durable cathodic electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction(ORR) play an important role in the global introduction of hydrogen energy technology to assist in achieving carbon neutrality targets. Recent years, great improvements have been witnessed in the ORR catalytic activity and stability of non- noble metal catalysts. Covalent organic polymers(COPs) have leapt to the forefront as an ideal material platform for molecular structure tailoring due to their adjustable porosity, modifiable backbone and periodically arranged ordered structure. However, the unpredictable structural changes and the ambiguous active sites under the commonly adopted pyrolysis strategies have hindered the in-depth exploration of the catalytic mechanism. The pyrolysis-free strategy has arisen to take full advantage of the customizable nature of COPs-based materials. The precisely controllable structure of pyrolysis-free COPs-based materials can provide an ideal model for the study of catalytic mechanisms, which can in turn guide the design of ORR catalysts with better catalytic performance and further facilitate the macro- preparation of materials. Here, this review intended to analyze the ORR mechanism in depth from the source, and gradually generalize the design principles and synthesis strategies of structurally well-defined pyrolysis-free COPs-based materials. Then, combining with representative literatures, the factors influencing the electrocatalytic performance of pyrolysis-free COPs-based materials were analyzed, and the research progress of pyrolysis-free strategies in the ORR field was systematically described. Finally, the research works of our group on pyrolysis-free COPs-based oxygen reduction electrocatalytic materials were summarized, and the development prospects and challenges of pyrolysis-free technologies were discussed in the outlook.

Key words: Pyrolysis-free strategy, Covalent organic polymer, Oxygen reduction reaction, Catalytic mechanism

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