The hydrogen evolution reaction（HER） from photocatalytic and electrocatalytic water splitting is a pivotal technology of future green hydrogen economy， but the synthesis of low cost， high efficiency catalysts with high stability remains a critical scientific challenge to be addressed for both. Single-atom catalysts（SACs） are regarded as one of the most promising catalysts due to their unique electronic structure and maximum atomic utilization. The metal-organic framework materials（MOFs） are ideal single atoms carriers due to ultra-high specific surface area， tunable porous nanostructure， and abundant active sites， serving as SACs synthesis precursors owing to their unique pyrolysis characteristics. The composite system of MOFs and single atom catalysts（MOF-SACs） can take full advantage of the synergistic effect， thus improving the hydrogen evolution catalytic activity significantly. In this review， the recent applications and research progress of MOF-SACs in photocatalytic and electrocatalytic water splitting for hydrogen production progress are introduced， while the strategies for enhancing the catalytic activity are summarized. Moreover， the future research hotspots and trends are outlined， which can provide novel design models for HER catalysts.

Submicron spherical Eu₂O₃（Eu₂O₃-S） filler was synthesized by homogeneous precipitation method， and a comparative study was conducted with commercial Eu₂O₃（Eu₂O₃-C） filler with irregular morphology and PbO filler reinforced composite materials. XRD tests show that the synthesized Eu₂O₃ filler（Eu₂O₃-S） is of cubic crystal system， body-centered cubic lattice， Ia\overline{\mathrm{3}}（206） space group. SEM tests show that the synthetic Eu₂O₃-S filler has submicron spherical morphologies with uniform particle size， while the commercial Eu₂O₃-C filler has micron particles with irregular morphologies. Mechanical tensile tests and DSC tests show that the yield stress and tensile stress of the synthetic Eu₂O₃-S/B₄C/HDPE（HDPE=high density polyetnylene） composite material are 21.3 MPa and 21.0 MPa， respectively， and the melting temperature is 119.7 ℃， all of which are higher than those of commercial Eu₂O₃-C/B₄C/HDPE composite material. Neutron and gamma radiation shielding tests show that the Eu₂O₃-S filler with uniform particle size has the best dispersion in the HDPE matrix and can enhance the shielding rate of the composite material. The plate with a thickness of 1.5 cm has the best neutron shielding rate（43.66%）， and its gamma shielding rate is 13.48%， which is close to the comparison composite material with Pb fillers.

MgCO₃·3H₂O crystal was prone to agglomeration and disorder during its preparation， resulting in uncontrollable morphology and size. This issue led to a significant decrease in its performance and could not meet the application requirements. In this paper， MgCl₂·6H₂O and Na₂CO₃ were used as reactants， and a confined swirling reactor was employed to prepare MgCO₃·3H₂O crystal to address this issue. The operating parameters were optimized by investigating the effects of reactor rotation speed and stator-rotor gap on the morphology and size of the prepared MgCO₃·3H₂O crystal. Firstly， parameters such as Reynolds number（Re）， material mixing time（tₘ）， nucleation induction period（t_ind） and Kolmogorov length scale（η_k） in the confined space flow field were simulated. The calculation results showed that when the reactor rotation speed was 3000~5000 r/min and the stator-rotor gap was 0.2~0.5 mm， the material flow state was mainly turbulent， and the reaction materials were fully mixed before the nucleation of MgCO₃·3H₂O. The mass transfer process of materials could be effectively enhanced in the confined swirling reactor. Secondly， experiments on the preparation of MgCO₃·3H₂O were carried out under the selected rotation speeds and stator-rotor gaps. The results showed that when the reactor rotation speed was 3000 r/min^{and the stator-rotor gap was 0.2 mm， the MgCO₃·3H₂O crystal was prepared with a narrow particle size distribution and a volume-average particle size of 8.919 μm. Finally， to further quantify the influence of operating parameters on the size of MgCO₃·3H₂O crystal， the partial elasticity of its volume-average particle size with respect to the reactor rotation speed and the stator-rotor gap was calculated respectively. The calculation results showed that the partial elasticity of the volume- average particle size with respect to the stator-rotor gap was larger than to the reactor rotation speed， indicating that the size of MgCO₃·3H₂O crystals is more sensitive to the change of stator-rotor gap.}

In this work， the inhibitory effects of Dawson-type polyoxometalates（POMs） complexed with vitamin C（VC） on α-glucosidase activity was investigated. Four Dawson-type phosphomolybdates were synthesized and characterized， including the parent compound H₆［P₂Mo₁₈O₆₂］（P₂Mo₁₈） and three transition metal-substituted derivatives｛H₈［P₂Mo₁₇Fe（OH₂）O₆₁］（P₂Mo₁₇Fe）， H₈［P₂Mo₁₇Co（OH₂）O₆（P₂Mo₁₇Co） and H₈［P₂Mo₁₇Ni（OH₂）O₆1（P₂Mo₁₇Ni）｝. Enzyme kinetic studies revealed that all four POM-VC complexes exhibited significant inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase. The optimal inhibition ratios were determined to be 5∶1 for P₂Mo₁₈-VC， 3∶1 for P₂Mo₁₇Fe-VC and P₂Mo₁₇Ni-VC， and 2∶1 for P₂Mo₁₇Co-VC， with corresponding IC₅₀ values of 0.194， 2.507， 2.809， and 5.332 mmol/L， respectively. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that these complexes functioned as reversible mixed-type inhibitors. These findings suggest the potential of Dawson-type POM-VC complexes as novel α-glucosidase inhibitors for diabetes management.

A highly sensitive and regenerable electrochemical biosensor was developed for detecting microRNA-133a-5p（miRNA-133a-5p） via integrating a multi-legged DNA walker with host-guest recognition. The sensor featured a regenerable interface constructed by modifying the electrode surface with reduced graphene oxide-gold nanoparticle composites（rGO@AuNPs） and immobilizing abundant β-cyclodextrin（β-CD）. Upon introduction of miRNA-133a-5p， the target triggered the self-assembly of three hairpin DNA probes into a three-legged DNA walker. Crucially， miRNA-133a-5p was displaced during this process， enabling its cyclic reuse and subsequent amplification of walker generation. The resulting walkers efficiently cleaved signal probes， yielding numerous ferrocene（Fc）-labeled single-stranded DNA fragments. These fragments were captured by β-CD on the electrode surface via host-guest interactions， generating measurable current signals for ultrasensitive miRNA-133a-5p detection. Benefiting from target recycling amplification and the high cleavage efficiency of the three-legged DNA walker， the sensor achieved a remarkably low detection limit of 19.7 fmol/L. Furthermore， electrochemical regulation of the host-guest interaction between Fc and β-CD facilitated six regeneration cycles. This work establishes a novel platform for myocardial infarction diagnosis and proposes an effective strategy for designing regenerable electrochemical biosensors.

We synthesized derivatives with a selective reduction of the carboxyl group and the isolated carbonyl group for the first time， along with derivatives with an isomerized 27， 28 carbon-carbon double bond and several reductively aminated compounds， which have different acid-base properties than gambogic acid. The structures and absolute configurations of all the compounds were determined by means of NMR and IR spectroscopy and HRMS. In in vitro cell proliferation assays against three human cancer cell lines（HL-60， BEL-7402 and A-549）， all the tested compounds showed similar inhibitory activity as that of gambogic acid， with low cytotoxicity to normal cells. This work may facilitate the development of structurally modified derivatives as potential anticancer drugs.

Sulfur trioxide（SO₃） and formic acid（FA） rapidly react to form formic sulfuric anhydride（FSA）. Compared with sulfuric acid（SA）， a well-established nucleation precursor， FSA exhibits lower saturation vapor pressure and a greater number of intermolecular interaction sites， suggesting its potential contribution to atmospheric new particle formation（NPF）. However， its nucleation capability remains unclear. This study employs density functional theory to evaluate the nucleation potential of FSA with 62 common atmospheric species， and compares it with that of its parent compound formic acid and the typical nucleation precursor sulfuric acid， thereby comprehensively assessing FSA’s potential role in NPF and its atmospheric implications. The results indicate that FSA can spontaneously form dimers with common atmospheric monomers， and proton transfer occurs within dimer clusters formed with 18 amine-containing compounds. Among these， the FSA-monoethanolamine（MEA） dimer exhibits the most negative ΔG value， indicating that MEA possesses the strongest ability to promote initial nucleation of FSA. Furthermore， based on the most stable clusters（FSA-MEA， FA-MEA， and SA-MEA）， the hydration behavior and hygroscopicity of these dimers were investigated. It was found that cluster stability increases with the number of water molecules（n=0—6）. Under varying humidity conditions， the sensitivity of dimer hydrates to humidity follows the order： SA-MEA>FSA-MEA>FA-MEA. As cluster size increases， both the isotropic mean polarizability and Rayleigh scattering intensity increase linearly， in the order： FSA-MEA> SA-MEA>FA-MEA. This suggests that FSA-MEA has a stronger capacity to enhance the light extinction properties of atmospheric aerosols than FA-MEA and SA-MEA， thereby exerting a more adverse impact on atmospheric visibility.

Hollow Cu-ZnO@H-HZSM-5 nanoreactors were synthesized via a dissolution-recrystallization strategy， and their catalytic performance for direct CO₂ hydrogenation to dimethyl ether（DME） was systematically evaluated. Structural characterizations confirmed the formation of a hollow architecture， in which Cu and ZnO species were uniformly dispersed as ~2.8 nm nanoparticles within the internal cavity， while the shell was primarily composed of aluminosilicate zeolite. Incorporation of Al atoms into the zeolite framework enabled precise modulation of both the acidity strength and density. Benefiting from the confined hollow structure and tailored acid-metal synergy， the nanoreactor effectively suppressed the reverse water-gas shift reaction， delivering a high DME productivity of 55.4 mg·g{}_{\mathrm{c}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{t}}^{-\mathrm{1}}·h^-1 and exhibiting excellent stability without noticeable deactivation over 100 h of continuous operation.

In precious metal catalytic systems， achieving a high degree of uniform dispersion of precious metal nanoparticles while establishing strong metal-support interactions is crucial for inhibiting the migration and loss of active components， as well as enhancing the intrinsic activity and stability of the catalyst. This study utilized a polyethylene glycol（PEG）-assisted hydrothermal synthesis method to control the dispersion and anchoring state of silver nanoparticles（Ag NPs）， resulting in the preparation of Ag NPs/USY catalysts， which were then applied in the catalytic hydrogenation reaction of 4-Nitrophenol（4-NP）. Using USY zeolite as the support and PEG as the reducing and stabilizing agent， a series of Ag NPs/USY catalysts was prepared by adjusting the molecular weight of PEG and the silver loading. Their structures were characterized using X-ray diffraction（XRD）， scanning electron microscopy （SEM）， X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS）， and nitrogen adsorption-desorption（BET）. The results indicate that the steric hindrance effect of PEG and its synergistic interaction with the functional groups on the zeolite surface enable the high dispersion and effective anchoring of Ag NPs within the mesoporous channels of USY zeolite， significantly suppressing the aggregation and loss of Ag NPs. Under ambient temperature and pressure conditions， the 5%Ag NPs/USY synthesized with the aid of PEG-400 exhibits excellent catalytic activity for high concentrations of 4-NP（500 mg/L）， achieving a conversion rate exceeding 99.9% within 8 min， with an apparent rate constant as high as 0.817 min⁻¹. After seven cycles， it maintains over 90% activity， demonstrating significantly superior stability compared to the Ag NPs/HY system. Characterization analysis further confirms that the Ag NPs confined within the pores exhibits higher resistance to oxidation and loss. XPS results indicate that the retention of elemental silver in Ag NPs/USY is 2.07 times that of Ag NPs/HY after cycling.

In this paper， two novel D-π-A structured small molecular triphenylamine derivatives， N，N-bis（4- methoxyph-enyl）-4-［5-（4-pyridyl）-2-thienyl］ aniline（H457） and N，N-bis（4-methoxyphenyl）-4-［2，3-dihydro-7-（4-pyridyl）thienyl］ aniline（H459）， were synthesized with classical reactions such as Stille coupling and Suzuki coupling. The small molecular derivatives were deposited onto FTO/c-TiO₂/m-TiO₂/CsPbI₃ composite films by means of crystallization modification and surface post-treatment modification to fabricate CsPbI₃ perovskite solar cells. The energy conversion efficiencies of various CsPbI₃ perovskite solar cells were measured， and their characterization and mechanism were studied using scanning electron microscope（SEM）， X-ray diffractometer（XRD）， ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy（UV-Vis）， current density voltage（J⁃V） curves， and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results show that the energy conversion efficiency of the modified CsPbI₃ perovskite solar cells has increased to 15.82%， and the stability and service life of the modified cell devices have also been improved.

Biomass-based hierarchical porous carbon materials（ZBCs） were constructed by carbonizing corn straw in the presence of a zinc chloride activator. The structure， porosity and surface functional group properties of the ZBCs materials were studied by various characterization techniques. Introducing a small amount of zinc chloride during the thermal activation process can effectively promote the formation of abundant hierarchical pores（including micropores， mesopores and macropores）， high specific surface areas（712.1—1667.5 m²/g）， and enriched surface oxygen-containing functional groups such as carboxyl， hydroxyl and carbonyl groups（oxygen contents of atomic ratio 5.7%—9.0%）. The adsorption experimental results show that all ZBCs materials possess strong adsorption capacity for removing phenol from aqueous solution. The maximum adsorption capacity of ZBC2 for phenol can reach 191.2 mg/g at pH=7 and 25 ℃， and the adsorption performance still remains above 60% of the initial adsorption capacity after five adsorption/desorption cycles. The adsorption behavior of the ZBC2 for phenol follows the Langmuir isothermal adsorption model， the Temkin isothermal model and the quasi-second-order kinetic model， and that is a spontaneous endothermic process dominated by monolayer chemical adsorption. Moreover， ZBC2 could work well in aqueous solution within a broad pH range from 3 to 11. The high specific surface area and abundant hierarchical pores of ZBCs materials are conducive to the mass transfer and diffusion of phenol molecules， while the enriched surface oxygen-containing functional groups could promote the adsorption of phenol on the surface and porous channels of ZBCs through generating hydrogen bonds， electrostatic adsorption， and π-π bonds interactions.

Micro-nano structured electrodes have high specific surface area， controllable morphology and unique size-dependent characteristics， which can provide effective active reaction sites， and improve charge transfer and storage during charge/discharge process， thereby achieving high electrochemical performance in supercapacitors. In this paper， the aniline monomer was dissolved in a weakly acidic p-toluenesulfonic acid/ethylene glycol water mixed solvent， and the aniline monomer was oxidized and polymerized into a oligomer nanosheet template in an ice water bath. And then， the oligomer template was dispersed into the sulfuric acid aqueous solution containing aniline monomer， and ammonium persulfate was used as a water-soluble initiator to further initiate the polymerization reaction， then the flower-like polyaniline（PANI） with nano-hierarchical structure was successfully prepared. Using conductive carbon cloth as the supporting substrate， flower-like PANI was prepared for electrode materials in supercapacitors， and its electrochemical properties were studied. The experimental results showed that the specific capacitance of the flower-like PANI micro-nano structure electrode was about 433 F/g at a current density of 1 A/g. The specific capacitance was only decreased by 46.8% when the current density increased from 1 A/g to 10 A /g. The specific capacitance loss was only 48.5% after 2000 charge-discharge cycles at 10 A/g. The single device prepared with flower-like PANI had a maximum energy density of approximately 20.65 Wh/kg at a power density of 550 W/kg.

By using the microwave-assisted method， the size and morphology of zirconium-based metal-organic frameworks（UiO-66） were precisely controlled to prepare UiO-66 nanocrystals with high scattering efficiency. Employing the UiO-66 nanocrystals as high-infrared-emissivity functional materials， a UiO-66-functionalized polylactic acid（PLA）（PLA/UiO-66） multi-scale porous fiber membrane was further constructed via electrospinning-spraying technology combined with a phase separation strategy. Benefiting from the micro-nano porous design and the introduction of abundant infrared-active groups from UiO-66， the PLA/UiO-66 multi-scale porous fiber membrane exhibited excellent solar reflectivity and infrared emissivity. Particularly when the UiO-66 addition amount was 12%（mass fraction）， the optical performance of the resulting PLA/UiO-66-12 multi-scale porous fiber membrane was even more outstanding， achieving an average solar reflectivity of 93.9% and an average infrared emissivity of 91.2%， far exceeding those of the pure PLA fiber membrane. In outdoor tests， the cooling effect of the PLA/UiO-66-12 multi-scale porous fiber membrane was significantly superior to that of the pure PLA fiber membrane. The average temperature of PLA/UiO-66-12 multi-scale porous fiber membrane remained at 47.6 ℃， whereas that of the pure PLA fiber membrane was above 50 ℃. While demonstrating excellent cooling performance， the incorporation of UiO-66 effectively reduced the surface energy， endowing the PLA/UiO-66 multi-scale porous fiber membrane with a high water contact angle（128.8°）. This ensures the membrane possesses outstanding hydrophobicity and self-cleaning capability， thereby providing a new strategy for developing efficient and sustainable thermal management textiles.

The low protein adsorption capacity is caused by the low specific surface area of traditional macroporous polymer-based ion exchange chromatography media. A novel preparation method based on a "grafting to" strategy was proposed to enhance the protein adsorption capacity in this study. A pre-polymer containing primary amine groups was synthesized by copolymerizing two monomers， 2-aminoethyl methacrylate（2-AM） and N，N-dimethylaminopropylacrylamide（DMAPAA）， using ammonium persulfate as the initiator. The average degree of polymerization of the resulting pre-polymer， pDMAPAA， was controlled between 2 and 10 by adjusting the molar ratio of 2-AM to DMAPAA. This pre-polymer was then grafted onto the surface of macroporous polyacrylate microspheres to fabricate a weak anion exchange chromatography medium. The optimal preparation conditions were determined by optimizing the coupling parameters. Using bovine serum albumin（BSA） as a model protein， the effects of ligand density and grafted chain length on the static binding capacity（SBC）， the adsorption kinetics of media with different chain lengths， and the influence of ionic strength on adsorption behavior at different ligand densities were investigated. The results showed that increasing the grafted chain length（2—10 units） significantly enhanced the ion exchange capacity（IC） and SBC of the media. The equilibrium adsorption capacity（q_e） increased from 130.9 mg/mL to 196.5 mg/mL， while the pseudo-second-order adsorption rate constant（k_₂） decreased. A higher ligand density increased the SBC from （95.6±2） mg/mL to （174.0±3） mg/mL. Increasing the salt concentration（0—0.25 mol/L） leded to a decrease in SBC， with media of higher ligand density exhibiting stronger salt tolerance. This study provides a valuable reference for the controlled preparation and application of high-performance weak anion exchange chromatography media.

Accompanied with the great progress on highly integrated soft electric devices consistent with Moore’s law， the demand for heat management with high efficiency is increasing， which makes the polymer-based heat dissipating materials attract intensive interest from both scientific and industrial communities. Therefore， to meet the demand， the construction of thermal conduction network in the polymer matrix is essential to improve the thermal conductivity of a polymer composites. Herein， a three-dimensional Si₃N₄-BN ceramic（3D-SNBN） framework was effectively prepared within one step in-situ combustion synthesis using low-cost Si， B₂O₃ and α-Si₃N₄ as raw materials and polymethylmethacrylate（PMMA） as pore-forming agent. High-performance epoxy composites（SNBN/EP） were then prepared by impregnating epoxy resin（EP） into the 3D-SNBN framework. The thermal conductivity of the composites with a 3D-SNBN framework loading of 57.9%（volume fraction） was as high as 6.4 W·m^-1·K^-1， which exhibited a significant enhancement of 2809% and 644% compared with pure EP（0.22 W·m^-1·K^-1） and epoxy composites with conventional randomly dispersed Si₃N₄-BN powders（0.86 W·m^-1·K^-1）. In addition， the composites exhibited outstanding thermal behaviors during heating and cooling processes accordingly， which further demonstrates their reliability and wide application potential in industrial heat management. The discovery not only provides a feasible material candidate for heat transfer in the future， but also offers a general strategy in high thermal conductive polymer matrix design and preparation.

π-Conjugated polymers constructed from active small molecules exhibit extended conjugated structures， overcoming the solubility and conductivity challenges of small molecules. Along with their high theoretical capacities， such materials have attracted increasing attention as cathodes for rechargeable aqueous zinc batteries（RAZBs）. Herein， we designed and synthesized an active-site-rich π-conjugated polymer， poly（5，8-diaza-1，4-naphthoquinone）（PANQ）， as a high-performance RAZBs cathode material. The PANQ cathode delivers high discharge capacities， rate capability and cycling stability， achieving a reversible capacity of 443.4 mA·h/g at 0.2 A/g， corresponding to 90.5% of its theoretical capacity， and retaining 65% of its capacity after 1000 discharge-charge cycles. This work demonstrates a promising π-conjugated polymer with efficient energy-storage capability， offering a potential cathode candidate for developing high-performance RAZBs and other energy-storage systems.

Against the strategic backdrop of the implementation of the Basic Discipline Talent Training Plan 2.0 and the Chemistry "101 plan"， integrating new concepts， content， and methodologies into core course teaching is the key to improving the quality of talent cultivation. To address the problems existing in the teaching of atomic spectrometry， such as fragmented knowledge systems， abstract concepts， and the disconnection between theory and practice， this paper systematically elaborated on the teaching reform and practice of atomic spectrometry for the cultivation of innovative talents in chemistry. The reform was discussed from four dimensions： reconstruction of teaching content， innovation of teaching methods， integration of teaching resources， and integration of ideological and political education into courses. The teaching content was categorized into three levels—basic core， advanced integration， and extended frontier—to construct a modular knowledge system. For teaching methods， a diversified model incorporating the comparative method， heuristic interaction， and case-based learning was adopted to strengthen the cultivation of students' autonomous learning and innovative abilities. Multidimensional teaching resources， including textbooks， digital resources， and scientific research cases， were integrated to expand the boundaries of learning. Ideological and political elements such as patriotism and the scientific spirit were organically integrated into the entire teaching process， so as to achieve the synergistic integration of knowledge imparting， competence development， and value guidance. The relevant research findings and practical achievements are expected to provide valuable references for the teaching reform of analytical chemistry and related courses.

In response to the structural challenges of vague objectives， fragmented pathways， and lack of collaboration in chemical experiment teaching when serving multidisciplinary， differentiated， and large-scale talent cultivation， the College of Chemistry at Jilin University has systematically constructed and implemented a new integrated education system termed "Four-Mode Integration and Three-Dimensional Collaboration." Guided by the principles of "execution capability， development capability， adaptability， and innovation capability，" the educational objectives have been reshaped. Through the integration of four modes——"extended， interconnected， progressive， and embedded"—dynamic mutual reinforcement between theory and practice， bidirectional empowerment of scientific education and industry-education collaboration， seamless connection between in-class and extracurricular activities， and synchronized resonance between talent cultivation and holistic education have been achieved. Additionally， a three-dimensional collaborative mechanism involving "management， faculty， and students" has been established to fully activate the radiating and driving effect of chemistry as a fundamental discipline on multidisciplinary development. Years of practice have shown a significant improvement in studentsʼ comprehensive practical and innovative abilities. Graduates are consistently evaluated by further education institutions and employers as having "a solid foundation， broad perspectives， and outstanding innovation." This model has been replicated and promoted in more than 10 universities， providing a mature and operable "Jilin University Solution" for basic experimental teaching to serve multidisciplinary talent cultivation.