含氮多孔纳米碳纤维的制备及对锂硫电池容量的提高

doi:10.7503/cjcu20190549

高等学校化学学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (4): 829.doi: 10.7503/cjcu20190549

含氮多孔纳米碳纤维的制备及对锂硫电池容量的提高

王霞,刘彦吉,贾永锋,吉磊,胡全丽,段莉梅(),刘景海()

内蒙古自治区纳米碳材料重点实验室, 内蒙古民族大学纳米创新研究院, 化学与材料学院, 通辽 028000

收稿日期:2019-10-23 出版日期:2020-04-10 发布日期:2020-03-02
通讯作者: 段莉梅,刘景海 E-mail:duanlmxie@126.com;jhliu2008@sinano.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(21961024, 21961025);内蒙古自然科学基金(2018JQ05);内蒙古自治区科技成果转化项目(CGZH2018156);内蒙古民族大学科学研究基金(NMDYB19043);通辽市应用技术研究与开发基金(2017)

Preparative Chemistry of N-containing Porous Carbon Nanofibers for Capacity Improvement in Lithium-sulfur Battery ^†

WANG Xia,LIU Yanji,JIA Yongfeng,JI Lei,HU Quanli,DUAN Limei(),LIU Jinghai()

Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Carbon Nanomaterials, Nano Innovation Institute(NII), College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao 028000, China

Received:2019-10-23 Online:2020-04-10 Published:2020-03-02
Contact: Limei DUAN,Jinghai LIU E-mail:duanlmxie@126.com;jhliu2008@sinano.ac.cn
Supported by:
† Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21961024, 21961025);the Inner Mongolia Natural Science Foundation, China(2018JQ05);the Project for Science & Technology Achievement Transformation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China(CGZH2018156);the Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, China(NMDYB19043);the Project for Application Technology Research & Development of Tongliao City, China(2017)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用静电纺丝技术获得聚丙烯腈(PAN)纳米纤维, 选用聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)作为造孔剂, 在氮气气氛下1000 ℃高温碳化制备富介孔结构的含氮纳米碳纤维(MT-C). 研究结果表明, 当m(PVP)/m(PAN)为2∶1时, MT-C-0.4比表面积为190.8 m ²/g, 并且在0.05C倍率下首次放电比容量高达1269.4 mA·h/g, 在0.5C倍率下循环300周后比容量仍保持为658.3 mA·h/g, 每周容量衰减率为0.14%. 硫电极负载量为1 mg/cm ²时, MT-C表现出最佳的电化学性能.

关键词: 纳米碳材料, 静电纺丝, 孔结构调控, 氮掺杂, 锂硫电池

Abstract:

Mesoporous nitrogen-containing carbon nanofibers(MT-C) were prepared via carbonization of polyacrylonitrile(PAN) nanofibers at 1000 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere with polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP) acting as pore-making agent. Under condition of m(PVP)/m(PAN)=2∶1, MT-C-0.4 with the largest specific surface area of 190.8 m ²/g exhibits the initial discharge specific capacity of 1269.4 mA·h/g at 0.05C. After 300 cycles at 0.5C, the specific capacity maintains at 658.3 mA·h/g with a capacity decay rate of 0.14% per cycle. In addition, when the sulfur areal loading amount is 1 mg/cm ², the MT-C-0.4/S presents the best electrochemical performances.

Key words: Carbon nano-material, Electrospinning, Pore structure regulation, Nitrogen-doping, Lithium/sulfur battery

中图分类号:

O646

TrendMD:

王霞, 刘彦吉, 贾永锋, 吉磊, 胡全丽, 段莉梅, 刘景海. 含氮多孔纳米碳纤维的制备及对锂硫电池容量的提高. 高等学校化学学报, 2020, 41(4): 829.

WANG Xia, LIU Yanji, JIA Yongfeng, JI Lei, HU Quanli, DUAN Limei, LIU Jinghai. Preparative Chemistry of N-containing Porous Carbon Nanofibers for Capacity Improvement in Lithium-sulfur Battery ^†. Chem. J. Chinese Universities, 2020, 41(4): 829.

图/表 9

Fig.1 SEM images of MT-C with different amounts of PAN and P-C(A) MT-C-0.3; (B) MT-C-0.4; (C) MT-C-0.6; (D) MT-C-0.8; (E) P-C.

Fig.2 TEM(A, B, D, E) and STEM(C, F) images of P-C(A—C) and MT-C-0.4(D—F)

Fig.3 Elemental mapping images of P-C(A—C) and MT-C-0.4(D—F)(A, D) Carbon; (B, E) oxygen; (C, F) nitrogen.

Fig.4 Nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms(A, C) and pore size distributions(B, D) for P-C(A, B) and MT-C-0.4(C, D)Insets: BET curves; SSA: specific surface area.

Table 1 Pore structure of carbon nanofibers with variable PAN contents

Sample	Surface area/(m²·g^-1)	Total-pore volume/(cm³·g^-1)	Micropore volume/(cm³·g^-1)	Average pore diameter/nm
MT-C-0.3	18.8	0.01	0.006	2.43
MT-C-0.4	190.8	0.13	0.066	2.82
MT-C-0.6	117.6	0.16	0.022	5.55
MT-C-0.8	129.3	0.29	0.021	9.22

Fig.5 XRD patterns(A), Raman spectra(B), electrical resistivity(C) of P-C and MT-C-0.4, and TG curves(D) of MT-C-0.4/S and P-C/S

Fig.6 CV curves(A, C) and rate capabilities(B, D) of P-C/S(A, B) and MT-C-0.4/S(C, D) as cathode in Li/S cells (A), (C) Scan rate: 0.1 mV/s.

Fig.7 EIS curves(A) and cycling stability(B) of MT-C-0.4/S and P-C/S Inset: model circuit.

Fig.8 Electrochemical performances of MT-C-0.4/S with different S contents(A) CV curves, scan rate: 0.1 mV/s; (B) rate capabilities; (C) EIS curves. Inset in (C): model circuit; (D) cycling stability.

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含氮多孔纳米碳纤维的制备及对锂硫电池容量的提高

Preparative Chemistry of N-containing Porous Carbon Nanofibers for Capacity Improvement in Lithium-sulfur Battery ^†

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含氮多孔纳米碳纤维的制备及对锂硫电池容量的提高

Preparative Chemistry of N-containing Porous Carbon Nanofibers for Capacity Improvement in Lithium-sulfur Battery †

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Preparative Chemistry of N-containing Porous Carbon Nanofibers for Capacity Improvement in Lithium-sulfur Battery ^†