高等学校化学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (7): 20260128.doi: 10.7503/cjcu20260128

• 有机化学 • 上一篇    

吡噁唑菌酮类似物的合成及杀菌活性

白慧1, 刘彦斐2, 傅滨2(), 肖玉梅2, 覃兆海2()   

  1. 1.石家庄信息工程职业学院生物医药技术系, 石家庄 052161
    2.中国农业大学理学院, 北京 100193
  • 收稿日期:2026-03-25 出版日期:2026-07-10 发布日期:2026-05-06
  • 通讯作者: 傅滨,覃兆海 E-mail:fubinchem@cau.edu.cn;qinzhaohai@263.net
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(21877125)

Synthesis and Fungicidal Activity of Pyramoxadone Analogues

BAI Hui1, LIU Yanfei2, FU Bin2(), XIAO Yumei2, QIN Zhaohai2()   

  1. 1.Department of Biomedical Technology,Shijiazhuang Information Engineering Vocational College,Shijiazhuang 052161,China
    2.College of Science,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China
  • Received:2026-03-25 Online:2026-07-10 Published:2026-05-06
  • Contact: FU Bin, QIN Zhaohai E-mail:fubinchem@cau.edu.cn;qinzhaohai@263.net
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21877125)

摘要:

基于吡噁唑菌酮(噁唑菌酮的5-位吡啶类似物)的结构, 设计合成了一系列新型噁唑烷二酮衍生物(化合物22230). 目标化合物的结构通过核磁共振氢谱(1H NMR), 核磁共振碳谱(13C NMR)和高分辨质谱仪(HRMS)进行了表征. 采用菌丝生长速率法, 以噁唑菌酮为阳性对照, 评价了所有化合物对9种植物病原真菌的体外抑制活性. 初步筛选结果显示, 50 mg/L浓度下大多数化合物表现出中等至优异的抑制活性, 尤其对立枯丝核菌(Rhizoctonia solani)、 核盘菌(Sclerotinia sclerotiorum)、 灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea)和稻瘟病菌(Pyricularia grisea)的抑制效果显著. 构效关系(SARs)分析结果表明, 叔丁基、 环己基等大位阻基团对活性提升不利, 含氟化合物的抗真菌活性普遍增强. 化合物216(EC50=3.78 mg/L)和226(EC50=1.61 mg/L)对立枯丝核菌的抑制活性优于对照药剂噁唑菌酮(EC50=4.38 mg/L)和先导化合物吡噁唑菌酮(EC50=9.67 mg/L). 体内保护活性实验结果表明, 200 mg/L浓度下化合物213, 216218对棉花立枯病的防治效果分别达到88.3%, 89.5%和81.7%, 显著优于阳性对照药. 分子对接与静电表面图分析表明, 该类化合物的构效关系遵循疏水骨架决定结合取向、 静电互补决定结合强度及取代基微调决定活性高低的规律.

关键词: 噁唑菌酮, 噁唑烷二酮, 抑菌活性, 构效关系, 分子对接

Abstract:

A series of novel oxazolidinedione derivatives(22230) was designed and synthesized based on the structure of pyramoxadone, a 5-position pyridine analogue of famoxadone. The target compounds were characterized by means of 1H NMR, 13C NMR and high-resolution mass spectrometry(HRMS). Their in vitro antifungal activities were evaluated against nine plant pathogenic fungi using the mycelial growth rate method, with famoxadone as a positive control. Preliminary screening at 50 mg/L revealed that most compounds exhibited moderate to excellent inhibitory activity, particularly against Rhizoctonia solaniSclerotinia sclerotiorumBotrytis cinerea, and Pyricularia grisea. Structure-activity relationship(SAR) analysis indicated that bulky groups such as tert-butyl and cyclohexyl are detrimental to the enhancement of antifungal activity, while fluorine-containing compounds generally exhibited enhanced antifungal activity. Compounds 216(EC50=3.78 mg/L) and 226(EC50=1.61 mg/L) exhibited superior activity against R. solani compared to famoxadone(EC50=4.38 mg/L) and pyramoxadone(EC50=9.67 mg/L). In vivo protective efficacy assays demonstrated that compounds 213216 and 218 provided 88.3%, 89.5% and 81.7% control against cotton damping-off at 200 mg/L, respectively, significantly outperforming the positive control. Molecular docking and electrostatic surface map analysis revealed that the SAR of this class of compounds follows a pattern where the hydrophobic skeleton determines the binding orientation, electrostatic complementarity determines the binding strength, and substituent fine-tuning determines the activity level.

Key words: Famoxadone, Oxazolidinedione, Antifungal activity, Structure-activity relationship(SAR), Molecular docking

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