玉米秸秆基多孔生物质碳的制备、表征及电化学性能

doi:10.7503/cjcu20170824

高等学校化学学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (4): 607.doi: 10.7503/cjcu20170824

• 研究论文: 无机化学 • 上一篇下一篇

玉米秸秆基多孔生物质碳的制备、表征及电化学性能

李义, 李纯, 于开锋()

吉林大学材料科学与工程学院, 汽车材料教育部重点实验室, 长春 130025

收稿日期:2017-12-18 出版日期:2018-04-10 发布日期:2018-03-22
作者简介:联系人简介: 于开锋, 男, 博士, 教授, 主要从事功能化材料的合成及应用研究. E-mail:yukf@jlu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(批准号: 51275203)资助

Preparation, Characterization and Electrochemical Properties of Mesoporous Biomass Carbon Derived from Corn Stalk^†

LI Yi, LI Chun, YU Kaifeng^*()

College of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China

Received:2017-12-18 Online:2018-04-10 Published:2018-03-22
Contact: YU Kaifeng E-mail:yukf@jlu.edu.cn
Supported by:
† Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51275203)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以玉米秸秆为原料, CaCl₂为活化剂, 制备了多孔生物质碳. 通过X射线衍射(XRD)、拉曼光谱、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和N₂吸附-脱附分析表征了其微观形貌和结构. 结合微观形貌和结构分析了其电化学性能, 并探究了多孔结构的形成机理. 在600 ℃下所得样品的比表面积为370.6 m²/g, 平均孔径为9.65 nm. 将该样品用作锂离子电池负极材料, 在0.2C倍率下循环100次后其放电比容量为783 mA·h/g, 在10C倍率下循环1000次后比容量为347 mA·h/g, 表明样品具有良好的倍率性能和循环稳定性. 该方法制备的样品具有较大的比表面积, 能够提高电解液的渗透率和增加反应活性位点, 而且丰富的孔结构增大了锂离子和电荷的自由运动空间, 有利于电化学性能的提高.

关键词: 玉米秸秆, 介孔结构, 生物质碳, 锂离子电池

Abstract:

Corn stalk was used as raw material to prepare mesoporous biomass carbon using CaCl₂ as activator. The mesoporous biomass carbon was characterized by means of X-ray diffraction(XRD), Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy(SEM), transmission electron microscopy(TEM) and N₂ adsorption-desorption analysis. The electrochemical properties of the mesoporous biomass carbon were analyzed and the formation mechanism of the mesoporous structure was explored. For the sample that calcined at 600 ℃, the specific surface area was 370.6 m²/g, the average pore size was 9.65 nm. When it was applied as the anode material of lithium ion battery, the discharge capacity of the sample was 783 mA·h/g at 0.2C rate after 100 cycles. Even at 10C rate, the electrode demonstrated an excellent high rate capability of 347 mA·h/g after 1000 cycles. The sample showed good rate performance and excellent cycle stability due to the large specific surface area, which can improve the permeability of electrolyte and increase the reactive sites. Moreover, the porous structure increased the free movement space for lithium ions and charges, which was conducive to the improvement of electrochemical performance.

Key words: Corn stalk, Mesoporous structure, Biomass carbon, Lithium ion battery

中图分类号:

O613.71

TrendMD:

李义, 李纯, 于开锋. 玉米秸秆基多孔生物质碳的制备、表征及电化学性能. 高等学校化学学报, 2018, 39(4): 607.

LI Yi, LI Chun, YU Kaifeng. Preparation, Characterization and Electrochemical Properties of Mesoporous Biomass Carbon Derived from Corn Stalk^†. Chem. J. Chinese Universities, 2018, 39(4): 607.

图/表 7

Fig.1 XRD patterns(A) and Raman spectra(B) of the CSC-500(a), CSC-600(b), and CSC-700(c) samples

Fig.2 SEM images of the CSC-500(A), CSC-600(B) and CSC-700(C) samples

Fig.3 TEM images of the CSC-500(A), CSC-600(B) and CSC-700(C) samples

Fig.4 Nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms(A) and pore size distributions(B) of the CSC-500, CSC-600 and CSC-700 samples

Fig.5 Formation mechanism of mesoporous biomass carbon derived from corn stalk

Fig.6 Cycling performance profiles at 0.2C(A), rate performance(B), cycling performance profiles at 10C(C) of the CSC-500, CSC-600 and CSC-700 samples

Fig.7 Cyclic voltammogram profile(A) and impedances(B) of CSC-600

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玉米秸秆基多孔生物质碳的制备、表征及电化学性能

Preparation, Characterization and Electrochemical Properties of Mesoporous Biomass Carbon Derived from Corn Stalk^†

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玉米秸秆基多孔生物质碳的制备、表征及电化学性能

Preparation, Characterization and Electrochemical Properties of Mesoporous Biomass Carbon Derived from Corn Stalk†

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Preparation, Characterization and Electrochemical Properties of Mesoporous Biomass Carbon Derived from Corn Stalk^†