高等学校化学学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (8): 2342.doi: 10.7503/cjcu20210177

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锂离子电池硅氧化物负极首次库伦效率的影响因素与提升策略

李辉阳1, 朱思颖1, 李莎1, 张桥保2(), 赵金保1, 张力1()   

  1. 1.厦门大学化学化工学院
    2.材料学院, 厦门 361005
  • 收稿日期:2021-03-16 出版日期:2021-08-10 发布日期:2021-08-05
  • 通讯作者: 张桥保 E-mail:zhangqiaobao@xmu.edu.cn;zhangli81@xmu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:张 力, 男, 博士, 教授级高工, 主要从事新型负极材料和电池非活性材料研发和性能优化研究. E-mail: zhangli81@xmu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(21875155)

Influencing Factors and Promotion Strategies of the First-cycle Coulombic Efficiency of Silicon Suboxide Anodes in Lithium-ion Batteries

LI Huiyang1, ZHU Siying1, LI Sha1, ZHANG Qiaobao2(), ZHAO Jinbao1, ZHANG Li1()   

  1. 1.College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
    2.College of Materials,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,China
  • Received:2021-03-16 Online:2021-08-10 Published:2021-08-05
  • Contact: ZHANG Qiaobao E-mail:zhangqiaobao@xmu.edu.cn;zhangli81@xmu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21875155)

摘要:

硅氧化物(SiOx, 0<x≤2)具有高的比容量和低的嵌锂电位, 且体积膨胀率显著低于纯硅负极, 因而被认为是替代传统石墨负极材料的理想选择之一. 然而SiOx负极在首次嵌锂过程中表面形成的固体电解质界面膜(SEI)以及大量的不可逆产物, 造成其首次库伦效率偏低, 严重阻碍了SiOx负极的实际应用. 本文从SiOx的结构模型出发, 系统阐述了SiOx负极的嵌锂机理以及首次库伦效率低的原因; 归纳了SiOx负极首次库伦效率的提升策略及其研究进展; 并对提升SiOx负极首次库伦效率的未来发展方向进行了展望.

关键词: 锂离子电池, 硅氧化物, 首次库伦效率, 结构设计, 预锂化

Abstract:

The popularity of electric vehicles and various portable electronic devices has led to higher demands on battery energy density. Silicon suboxide(SiOx, 0<x≤2) shows high specific capacity and low Li-ion insertion potential, and the volume expansion effect is significantly lower than that of pure silicon anode, and therefore is considered to be one of the ideal alternatives to traditional graphite anode materials. However, the solid electrolyte interphase(SEI) and a large number of irreversible products are formed during the first lithiation/delithiation cycle, resulting in low Coulombic efficiency, which seriously hinders the practical application of SiOx anodes. On the basis of SiOx structure, this review systematically explained the lithium storage mechanism of SiOx anode and the reason for the low first-cycle efficiency. Further, strategies of improving the first Coulombic efficiency of SiOx anode in recent years is summarized in detail. Finally, the future direction of improving the first-cycle efficiency of SiOx anode is also forecasted.

Key words: Lithium ion battery, Silicon suboxide, Initial Coulombic efficiency, Structural design, Prelithiation

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