生物质平台化合物电催化制备高值燃料与化学品研究进展

doi:10.7503/cjcu20200212

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

生物质是一类丰富的可再生碳基资源, 有望代替传统化石资源生产燃料和化学品, 受到了广泛关注和研究. 近年来, 电催化作为一种绿色高效的转化策略, 成为生物质催化转化的重要研究方向之一, 具有巨大的应用前景. 本文总结了生物质平台化合物电催化制备高附加值燃料与化学品的研究进展, 根据反应类型重点介绍了电催化氧化、还原和偶联反应, 对催化反应过程和机理进行了阐述, 并对电催化生物炼制的前景进行了展望.

关键词: 生物质, 电催化, 氧化反应, 还原反应, 偶联反应

Abstract:

Biomass, as an abundant renewable carbon resource, is a promising alternative to fossil carbon for producing fuels and chemicals. As a green and effective strategy, electrocatalytic biomass valorization is emerging as an important frontier research area for feasible biorefinery. In this review, we summarize the recent progress in electrocatalytic upgrading of biomass platform chemicals via redox and coupling reactions, highlighting the understanding of reaction mechanisms and the structure-function relationships of catalysts. Moreover, the future of electrochemical technologies for biomass valorization is prospected.

Key words: Biomass, Electrochemical catalysis, Oxidation reaction, Reduction reaction, Coupling reaction

中图分类号:

O646

周华, 栗振华, 孔祥贵, 段昊泓. 生物质平台化合物电催化制备高值燃料与化学品研究进展[J]. 高等学校化学学报, 2020, 41(7): 1449-1460.

ZHOU Hua, LI Zhenhua, KONG Xianggui, DUAN Haohong. Recent Progress in Electrochemical Catalytic Conversion of Biomass Platform Molecules into High-value Added Fuels and Chemicals^†[J]. Chemical Journal of Chinese Universities, 2020, 41(7): 1449-1460.

图/表 11

Scheme 1 Overview of electrocatalytic reactions for upgrading biomass platform chemicals

Scheme 2 Replacing OER with biomass platform chemicals oxidation

Table 1 Results of replacing OER with alcohols/aldehyde oxidation for enhancing cathodic reactions*

Catalyst	Anode			Cathode		Cell voltage		Ref.
Catalyst	Substrate	Product	FE(%)	Reaction	FE(%)	V₁/V	V₂/V	Ref.
Pd/TNTA-web	Ethanol	Acetate		HER		1.76	0.69	[20]
Ni₃S₂/NF	HMF	FDCA	98	HER	100	1.58	1.46	[22]
Ni₂P NPA/NF	HMF	FDCA	98	HER	100	1.65	1.44	[23]
Ni-Mo-N/CFC	Glycerol	Formate	95	HER	99.7	1.62	1.36	[24]
Nifeo_x(+)/Nifen_x(-)	Glucose	Glucaric acid	87	HER		1.66	1.39	[25]
Graphite-felt(+)/Pt/C(-)	Raw biomass	Co_x+Oxidation products		HER				[26]
BNC	HMF	FDCA		N₂RR	15.2			[17]
Pt black(+)/Ag(-)	Glycerol	Formate+Lactate		CO₂RR		1.60	0.75	[21]

Scheme Electrochemical oxidation of alcohol/aldehyde groups in biomass-derived molecules

Scheme 4 Electrochemical oxidation of glycerol (A) Possible reaction routes for electrooxidation of glycerol; (B) representative electrochemical catalysts and its products for electrooxidation of glycerol.

Scheme 5 Illustration of adipic acid production from lignin

Scheme 6 Electrochemical hydrogenation (A) Possible rection routes for hydrogenation of ketones/aldehydes[64]. Copyright 2017, American Chemical Society. (B) Hydrogenation of CC[71]. Copyright 2016, Wiley-VCH. (C) Hydrogenation of rings[60]. Copyright 2019, Wiley-VCH.

Scheme 8 Anodic kolbe electrolysis for C-C coupling reactions (A) Reaction mechanism of kolbe reaction; (B) conversion of levulinic acid to octane via hydrodeoxygenation and kolbe reaction.

Scheme 9 Electrochemical reductive C-C coupling reactions (A) Reaction mechanism of cathodic dimerization of aldehydes; (B) reductive C-C coupling of HMF or furfural.

Scheme 10 Electrochemical C-N coupling of biomass-derived molecules for amino acids production[77]

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