高等学校化学学报

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锂离子电池的合金电极材料的失效研究

王连邦, 杨珍珍, 康虎强, 黄立军, 毛信表, 马淳安   

  1. 浙江工业大学化学工程与材料学院, 绿色化学合成技术国家重点实验室培育基地, 杭州 310014
  • 收稿日期:2008-03-27 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2009-01-10 发布日期:2009-01-10
  • 通讯作者: 王连邦

Invalidation Mechanism of Alloy Materials for Li-ion Batteries

WANG Lian-Bang*, YANG Zhen-Zhen, KANG Hu-Qiang, HUANG Li-Jun, MAO Xin-Biao, MA Chun-An   

  1. College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Zhejiang University Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
  • Received:2008-03-27 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2009-01-10 Published:2009-01-10
  • Contact: WANG Lian-Bang

摘要: 采用电镀技术在铜箔上电镀金属锡, 并对其充放电过程中的厚度和结构的变化进行了观察和分析. 锡电极经过热处理后, 活性物质锡与基体铜相互扩散生成中间合金Cu6Sn5. 在合金电极嵌锂过程中, 由于有机电解液的分解, 形成了大量的锂氧化物, 这是合金电极体积膨胀的最主要的原因之一. 锂脱嵌后, 部分锂以Li2SnCu的形态保留在合金中, 造成了合金电极首次充放电的不可逆容量损失. 一些新型电解质的应用可能有助于降低合金电极材料体积的膨胀并提高其循环寿命.

关键词: 锂离子电池, 合金材料, 失效, 体积膨胀

Abstract: Sn-based alloy is a promising negative material for Li-ion batteries. In this work, Sn/Cu film was prepared by electroplating method. After heat treatment, a Cu6Sn5 alloy was formed. Experimental results show that a lot of Li oxide is formed during Li insertion process due to the decomposition of organic electrolyte, which resulted in a large volume expansion of alloy electrode. After Li extraction, some Li was remained in Li2SnCu, which resulted in an irreversible capacity decay at the first cycle. Some novel electrolytes may be helpful to relax the volume expansion and enhance the cycle life of alloy electrode materials.

Key words: Lithium ion battery, Alloy material, Invalidation, Volume expansion

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