高等学校化学学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (1): 20220607.doi: 10.7503/cjcu20220607

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

单分散中空介孔结构的盐模板合成及形貌调控

朱科润, 任雯萱, 张威(), 李伟()   

  1. 复旦大学化学系, 上海 200433
  • 收稿日期:2022-09-09 出版日期:2023-01-10 发布日期:2022-10-13
  • 通讯作者: 张威 E-mail:w_zhang@fudan.edu.cn;weilichem@fudan.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:李 伟, 男, 博士, 教授, 主要从事新型介孔材料的合成及应用的研究. E-mail: weilichem@fudan.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFA0209401);国家自然科学基金(22105041)

Salt-templated Synthesis and Morphological Control of Monodisperse Hollow Mesoporous Structures

ZHU Kerun, REN Wenxuan, ZHANG Wei(), LI Wei()   

  1. Department of Chemistry,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China
  • Received:2022-09-09 Online:2023-01-10 Published:2022-10-13
  • Contact: ZHANG Wei E-mail:w_zhang@fudan.edu.cn;weilichem@fudan.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFA0209401);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22105041)

摘要:

中空介孔结构因具有丰富的内部空间以及多孔渗透性外壳等优势, 在催化、 能源储存与转化及生物医药等领域得到了广泛应用. 然而, 目前仍然缺少高效、 简便且绿色的合成中空介孔结构的方法. 本文以柠檬酸钠胶体颗粒作为模板, 通过十六烷基三甲基溴化氨(Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, CTAB)胶束与正硅酸四乙酯(Tetraethyl orthosilicate, TEOS)的水解低聚物在胶体颗粒表面进行界面共组装, 直接生长介孔二氧化硅壳层; 然后通过简便的醇洗和水洗分别除去CTAB胶束和柠檬酸钠胶体颗粒后, 得到中空介孔结构. 进一步研究表明, 负电荷的柠檬酸钠胶体颗粒与CTAB胶束之间的静电相互作用是诱导氧化硅低聚物在颗粒表面进行交联组装的关键. 基于此, 通过控制生长时间实现了对中空介孔结构形貌和壳层厚度的精确调控. 所得中空介孔二氧化硅纳米球可以显著增强物质的扩散传输, 是理想的催化剂载体, 负载金纳米颗粒后可以高效催化4-硝基苯酚的还原反应. 研究结果为中空介孔材料的绿色简便合成提供了思路.

关键词: 中空结构, 介孔, 盐模板

Abstract:

Hollow mesoporous structures have great potential in catalysis, energy storage and conversion, biomedicine, etc., due to their abundant inner void space and porous permeable shells. However, there is still a lack of efficient, simple and green synthesis methods. Herein, sodium citrate nanoparticles with excellent colloidal stability were used as templates for the direct growth of mesoporous silica shells through the interfacial co-assembly of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide(CTAB) micelles and hydrolyzed oligomer of tetraethyl orthosilicate(TEOS). The hollow mesoporous structures were obtained simply after removal of the CTAB micelles and colloidal sodium citrate nanoparticles by ethanol and water washing. Further studies have shown that electrostatic interactions between negatively charged colloidal sodium citrate nanoparticles and CTAB micelles were key for the polymerization assembly of silicon oxide oligomer on the nanoparticle surface. More importantly, the morphology and shell thickness of hollow mesoporous structures could be accurately adjusted through the control of reaction time. Moreover, the hollow mesoporous structures could improve the mass transfer significantly, which can act as an ideal support for metal catalysts. As a proof of concept, the Au nanoparticles loaded hollow mesoporous silica nanospheres showed excellent catalytic activity for reduction of 4-nitrophenol. This work provided a new insight into the green and simple synthesis of hollow mesoporous materials.

Key words: Hollow structure, Mesoporous, Salt template

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