In-situ Preparation and Microwave Absorption Performances of Fe-Ni/C Composite Nanofibers†

doi:10.7503/cjcu20131212

Abstract

Abstract:

Fe-Ni/C composite nanofibers with an average diameter of about 215 nm were fabricated via an in-situ decomposition and reduction of electrospun polyacrylonitrile/iron acetylacetonate/nickel acetylacetonate precursor fibers during the thermal stabilization and carborization processes. The Fe-Ni alloy nanoparticles in-situ generated during carbonization are well distributed on the surface and inside the nanofibers and encapsulated mostly by the ordered graphitic layers, which can avoid the direct exposure of Fe-Ni alloy phase to air and preserve the structural and interfacial stabilization of Fe-Ni alloy nanoparticles. By dispersing the Fe-Ni/C composite nanofibers homogeneously into a silicone rubber matrix, their electromagnetic parameters were measured in the frequency range of 2—18 GHz and the influences of carbonization temperatures on the electromagnetic characteristics and microwave absorption properties were investigated. It is found that the absorbing coatings containing only 5%(mass fraction) Fe-Ni/C composite nanofibers as fillers with thickness of 1.2—2.0 mm exhibit excellent electromagnetic wave absorbing performances, and the reflection loss(RL) exceeding -20 dB can be obtained over the range of 7.4—18 GHz. The microwave absorption properties for the as-prepared nanocomposites are gradually enhanced with increasing the carbonization temperature from 800 ℃ to 1200 ℃ due to the better impedance match, accompanying with a decrease of the minimum RL values from -22.6 dB to -63.0 dB. Overall, the results reveal that the as-prepared Fe-Ni/C composite nanofibers can be a promising candidate for microwave absorbing materials with strong-absorption, light-weight and thin-thickness in X and Ku bands.

Key words: Magnetic carbon nanocomposite fiber, Fe-Ni alloy nanoparticles, Microwave absorption, Impe-dance match, Reflection loss, Electrospinning

CLC Number:

O611

TrendMD:

XIANG Jun, ZHANG Xionghui, YE Qin, LI Jiale, SHEN Xiangqian. In-situ Preparation and Microwave Absorption Performances of Fe-Ni/C Composite Nanofibers^†[J]. Chem. J. Chinese Universities, 2014, 35(7): 1379.

Figures/Tables 8

Fig.1 XRD patterns of the prepared Fe-Ni/C composite nanofibers Carbonization temperature/℃: a. 800; b. 1000; c. 1200.

Fig.2 Low (A—C) and high (D—F) magnification FE-SEM images of Fe-Ni/C composite nanofibers prepared at different carbonization temperatures Carbonization temperature/℃: (A, D) 800; (B, E) 1000; (C, F) 1200.

Fig.3 TEM images of Fe-Ni/C composite nanofibers prepared at different carbonization temperatures(A1—C1) and HRTEM images of the rectangular areas #1(A2—C2) and #2(A3—C3) in (A1), (B1) and (C1), respectively Carbonization temperature/℃: (A1—A3) 800; (B1—B3) 1000; (C1—C3) 1200.

Fig.4 Room-temperature hysteresis loops of Fe-Ni/C composite nanofibers prepared at different carbonization temperatures Carbonization temperature/℃:a. 800; b. 1000; c. 1200.

Fig.5 Frequency dependence of the relative complex permittivity(A), relative complex permeability(B), μr″(μr')-2f-1(C) and loss tangent(D) for the Fe-Ni/C composite nanofibers/silicone rubber specimens

Fig.6 Frequency dependence of the reflection loss for the Fe-Ni/C composite nanofibers/silicone rubber specimens at different assumed thicknesses (A) S800; (B) S1000; (C) S1200.

Fig.7 Attenuation constant of the Fe-Ni/C composite nanofibers/silicone rubber specimens versus frequency

Fig.8 Characteristic impedance of the Fe-Ni/C composite nanofibers/silicone rubber specimens versus frequency

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