Chem. J. Chinese Universities

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Cover and Content of Chemical Journal of Chinese Universities Vol.47 No.1(2026)

Chem. J. Chinese Universities 2026, 47 (1): 1-6.

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Discovery of CDK2 Inhibitors Based on Machine Learning and Molecular Dynamics Simulations

TAN Yingjia, CHEN Liang, LIU Yulin, NA Risong, ZHAO Xi

Chem. J. Chinese Universities 2025, 46 (3): 20240442-. DOI: 10.7503/cjcu20240442

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Four potential cyclin-dependent kinase 2（CDK2） inhibitors were discovered through machine learning and molecular dynamics simulation methods. First， a classification model for CDK2 inhibitors was established using existing large-scale activity databases and machine learning algorithms. The extreme gradient boosting（XGBoost） model with extended-connectivity fingerprints（ECFP6） was used to screen the Enamine database， identifying 1152 novel compounds. These potential compounds were then ranked based on their affinity for CDK2 using molecular docking and scoring functions. The compounds were clustered into four categories using fingerprint clustering methods， and one compound with a high docking score was selected from each category. Subsequently， the four selected compounds underwent drug-likeness analysis and molecular dynamics simulations. The four potential CDK2 inhibitors（Z1766368563， Z363564868， Z1891240670 and Z2701273053） demonstrated good drug-likeness properties and high binding free energy in molecular dynamics simulation results. The findings suggest that these four compounds can serve as lead compounds for subsequent modification and optimization as CDK2 inhibitors.

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Machine Learning Model for Predicting the Glass Transition Temperature of Polyimides Based on Molecular Fingerprints and Quantum Chemical Descriptors

ZHAN Senhua, SHI Tongfei

Chem. J. Chinese Universities 2025, 46 (4): 20240556-. DOI: 10.7503/cjcu20240556

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Combining machine learning and quantum chemistry methods to construct predictive models can facilitate the design and screening of polyimide material structures. In this study， Molecular ACCess System（MACCS） fingerprints and nine density functional theory（DFT） quantum chemical descriptors were obtained from polyimide repeating units to construct three types of predictive models： MACCS， DFT and their integrated models. Twelve machine learning models were developed using four algorithms——random forest（RF）， support vector regression （SVR）， extreme gradient boosting（XGB） and gradient boosting regression（GBR）——to predict the glass transition temperature of polyimides and extract key feature information. The results showed that the optimal predictive model for the glass transition temperature is the integrated XGBoost model， with coefficient of determination（R²） values of 0.956 and 0.811 for the training and test sets， respectively. The root mean square error（RMSE） and mean absolute error（MAE） for the test set are 25.41 and 20.20， respectively. Furthermore， the integrated MACCS fingerprint and DFT models performed better than the individual models. The established integrated model framework provides new insights for the structural design of polyimide materials and other polymer materials.

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Preparation of Broad-spectrum UV Protection Carbon Dots for the Application of Sunscreen Absorber

CHEN Qidan, CHEN Guanji, YOU Shanmei, ZANG Xinyao, YANG Bai

Chem. J. Chinese Universities 2025, 46 (6): 20240313-. DOI: 10.7503/cjcu20240313

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Sunscreen absorber， the basic ultraviolet（UV） protection additives that absorb UV rays， is the active ingredient in sunscreen products. However， traditional sunscreen absorbers are known as organic and inorganic chemicals which have problems such as unknown toxicity for human health and environment， instability， poor water solubility， and a narrow range of UV absorption， the study of eco-friendly broad-spectrum sunscreen absorber materials is important for the application of sunscreen products. In recent years， carbon dots have shown good properties in the application of UV absorbers due to their chemistry stability， eco-friendly， excellent UV absorption efficiency. In this study， two kinds of carbon dots（named O-CDs and A-CDs， respectively） were prepared from dopamine hydrochloride and o-phenylenediamine， citric acid and urea independently by simple one-pot hydrothermal synthesis method， purified by column chromatography and then characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS）， transmission electron microscopy（TEM）， X-ray diffraction（XRD）， Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FTIR）， Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy（UV-Vis）， and fluorescence spectroscopy. The results showed that a broad-spectrum UV protection material named as B-CDs was developed by mixing O-CDs and A-CDs with the optimized mass ratio of 1∶1.5. In addition， the B-CDs were added as a broad-spectrum UV absorber to polyvinyl alcohol（PVA） solution to prepare the UV protection calligraphy ink， and the sunscreen effect stability of the ink was tested in a certain period（120 h）. The results indicated that the broad-spectrum carbon dots UV absorber is high- efficiency and stable， and carbon dots have the potential to be used as ideal photostable broad-spectrum UV absorber additives for sunscreen products.

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Preparation of Carbon Dot-based Multicolor Room-temperature Phosphorescent Materials via Precursor Structure Regulation Strategies

LIU Jinkun, RAN Zhun, LIU Qingqing, LIU Yingliang, ZHUANG Jianle, HU Chaofan

Chem. J. Chinese Universities 2025, 46 (6): 20240412-. DOI: 10.7503/cjcu20240412

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In this paper， a simple precursor molecular structure regulation strategy was presented， and carbon dot-based composites with phosphorescent emission colors covering the visible light spectrum were prepared through an in situ calcination method using Al₂O₃ as a matrix and various small molecules as organic precursors. Transmission electron microscopy， Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy， X-ray diffraction， and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed the successful growth of carbon dots within the Al₂O₃ matrix. Fluorescence spectroscopy tests indicated that the phosphorescent colors of the four CDs@Al₂O₃ composites were blue（454 nm）， green（520 nm）， orange（572 nm）， and red（632 nm）， with average lifetimes of 130.6， 293.6， 498.6， and 539.0 ms， respectively. The observed redshift in phosphorescent emission wavelength attributed to the decrease in the energy gap between the excited state and ground state of the carbon dots with increasing π-conjugation and number of oxygen-containing functional groups in the precursor， which achieved the modulation of multicolor phosphorescent emissions. Based on the multicolor room-temperature phosphorescent characteristics of this material， its applications in anti-counterfeiting and information encryption was preliminarily explored.

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Preparation and Applications of CO₂-Derived Red-emissive Carbon Dots with a High Quantum Yield

GUO Dan, HUANG Genghong, BAI Huijie, WANG Yaling, CAO Guangqun, LIU Bin, HU Shengliang

Chem. J. Chinese Universities 2025, 46 (6): 20250091-. DOI: 10.7503/cjcu20250091

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A five-membered cyclic carbonate compound， tris（hydroxymethyl）propyl pentacyclic carbonate（TPTE）， was synthesized using CO₂ and trihydroxymethylpropane triglycidyl ether as starting materials via cycloaddition reaction. Subsequently， red-emissive carbon dots（R-CDs） with a quantum yield of 38% were prepared through a solvothermal method using TPTE and o-phenylenediamine as precursors and ethanol as the solvent. Structural characterization revealed that the obtained R-CDs exhibited an average particle size of 9.41 nm， with a highly graphitized carbon core and surface-rich hydroxyl and amino functional groups. Optical performance testing demonstrated that the R-CDs in ethanol solution displayed distinct excitation-independent characteristics， showing three-fingered emission peaks at 599， 648 and 702 nm under excitation at 535 nm， accompanied by a fluorescence lifetime of 6.46 ns. Theoretical calculations and spectroscopic analyses confirmed that these luminescent properties originated from extended π-conjugated systems within the carbon core inducing（π， π^*） transitions. Notably， when combined with polyvinylpyrrolidone（PVP）， the ultraviolet-visible absorption and fluorescence emission characteristics of R-CDs remained essentially unchanged， indicating negligible electronic interactions between PVP matrices and R-CDs. Leveraging their excellent optical properties， R-CDs/PVP composites were employed as phosphors integrated with a 360 nm ultraviolet LED chip to fabricate red-emitting devices. The prepared LED exhibited CIE chromaticity coordinates of （0.42， 0.21）， precisely falling within the red light region with high monochromaticity. Significantly， this research achieved efficient indirect fixation of CO₂ by converting it into functionalized cyclic carbonate precursors， providing an innovative approach for greenhouse gas valorization. This integrated strategy combining high-quantum-yield fluorescent material development with carbon reduction technology holds substantial application potential in optoelectronic devices and green chemistry.

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Theoretical Study of B， N Co-doped Fullerene C₇₀ as Non-metal Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction and Evolution

YANG Siwei, HUANG Xuri

Chem. J. Chinese Universities 2025, 46 (4): 20240490-. DOI: 10.7503/cjcu20240490

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The oxygen reduction reaction（ORR） and oxygen evolution reaction（OER） properties for B， N co-doped fullerene C₇₀［C₆₈B（n）N（m）， n， m=1—5， representing the C atom sites substituted by B and N， respectively］ were investigated utilizing density functional theory. It is found that C₆₈B（n）N（m） are thermodynamically stable， and their ΔG_*OH has a good linear relationship with ΔG_*OOH and ΔG_*O. Wherein， the ORR overpotential for C₆₈B（4）N（2） and C₆₈B（5）N（2） catalysts are both 0.45 V， which is equivalent to that of commercial Pt catalyst. The OER overpotential of C₆₈B（4）N（1） is the lowest， 0.38 V， which is better than that of the traditional RuO₂ catalyst（0.42 V）. C₆₈B（1）N（3） also shows the OER activity equivalent to that of RuO₂. The overpotential of ORR and OER can be significantly reduced and the catalytic performance of C₇₀ can be improved by accurately adjusting the sites of B and N co-doping. According to the activity trend plots， the best ORR and OER activities for C₆₈B（n）N（m） appear at ΔG_*O-ΔG_*OH=0.92 eV and ΔG_*O-ΔG_*OH=1.42 eV， respectively. This work provides some clues for the design and discovery of novel non-metallic carbon-based electrocatalysts.

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High-throughput Calculations of Host-guest Interactions Between Organic Structure-directing Agents and Zeolite Structures with Different Elemental Compositions

LI Lin, WANG Chen, WANG Jiaze, LI Li

Chem. J. Chinese Universities 2025, 46 (4): 20240497-. DOI: 10.7503/cjcu20240497

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Zeolites are inorganic microporous crystalline materials with regulated channel structures， which are widely used in industrial adsorption separation and catalytic processes. This work selected 14 topologies that can be synthesized in the form of pure silica， aluminosilicate， and aluminophosphate from over 260 known zeolite topologies， and explored the structure-directing effects of different organic structure-directing agents（OSDAs） for zeolite frameworks with different compositions via high-throughput computational methods. Results show that the OSDAs significantly affects the elemental composition of zeolites， with certain OSDAs tending to direct the formation of pure silica or aluminosilicate structures， while others preferentially direct towards pure aluminophosphate structures. These findings not only deepen the understanding of the synthetic mechanism of zeolites， but also provide a theoretical basis for the design and synthesis of zeolites with specific elemental compositions.

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Research Progress of Carbon-based Moisture Power Generation Devices

LI Qijun, ZHAO Hongjia, LIU Longtao, LU Chunyi, TAN Jing

Chem. J. Chinese Universities 2025, 46 (6): 20240413-. DOI: 10.7503/cjcu20240413

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Moisture-enabled electricity generation（MEG）， an emerging energy-harvesting technology， has attracted significant attention in recent years. Owing to the ubiquitous presence of water vapor and the pollution-free nature of the power generation process， MEG technology demonstrates strong adaptability， that is， it is not limited by natural conditions such as season， region and environment. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the evolution of MEG technology. It discusses the interaction mechanism between moisture and power generation materials， primarily focusing on ion gradient diffusion and streaming potential. It also provides a detailed analysis of the types， characteristics， advantages and disadvantages of new carbon-based hygroscopic layer materials. Furthermore， it describes the development of moisture power generation technology in the latest application fields.

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Applications and Prospects of Carbon Dots in Interface Engineering of Organic Solar Cells

WANG Xin, WANG Yu, MU Fumao, YAN Lingpeng, WANG Zhenguo, YANG Yongzhen

Chem. J. Chinese Universities 2025, 46 (6): 20240416-. DOI: 10.7503/cjcu20240416

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Organic solar cells（OSCs） have gradually become a research focus in the photovoltaic field due to their advantages， such as simple fabrication processes， diverse material sources， flexibility， and roll-to-roll production capability. However， as OSCs move toward further commercialization， they face challenges such as improving power conversion efficiency（PCE）， scaling up production， reducing costs， and enhancing stability. In addressing these issues， carbon dots（CDs） have garnered widespread attention due to their low cost， diverse structures， environmental friendliness， wide availability， high conductivity， and good stability. In OSC devices， CDs can be used as charge transport layers and interface modification materials， improving the energy level matching and charge transport performance at the cell interface through interface engineering， thereby enhancing the overall performance of OSCs and providing new insights for the development of photovoltaic cells. In this review， the concept， classification， and unique structural features of CDs are introduced. Then， the excellent tunable optoelectronic properties and functionalization modification methods of CDs are highlighted. Furthermore， the application of CDs in the field of interface engineering of OSCs is comprehensively summarized， and finally the challenges associated with CDs-based interface materials in OSCs， along with prospects for their further development， are addressed.

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Electrochemical Removal of PFAS by Boron-doped Diamond Electrode

ZHANG Senchong, LYU Jitao, WANG Sen, LYU Jilei, WANG Shaolong, WANG Yawei

Chem. J. Chinese Universities 2025, 46 (8): 20250096-. DOI: 10.7503/cjcu20250096

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In this study， six boron-doped diamond（Nb/BDD） electrodes with different boron doping levels were prepared using niobium flakes as the substrate by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition， and the effects of different boron doping levels on the electrochemical performance of Nb/BDD electrodes and their oxidation of perfluorooctanoic acid（PFOA） were investigated and applied to the electrochemical removal of different perfluorosulfonic acids（PFASs）. The results showed that with the increase of boron doping level， the grain size of the Nb/BDD film gradually decreased and the electron transfer rate on the electrode surface gradually increased， but the decrease of film quality leads to the increase of its exfoliation rate. Na₂SO₄ was used as the electrolyte， and the Nb/BDD electrode as the anode was able to oxidize PFOA within 120 min at a current density of 30 mA/cm². PFOA degradation rate to 78.3% and mineralization rate to 78.1% within 240 min. Among the six Nb/BDD electrodes prepared with different boron doping levels， the medium and low-doped Nb/BDD electrodes have higher degradation and mineralization ability for PFOA， indicating that the efficient electrochemical removal of PFAS can be achieved by regulating the boron doping level of BDD. The analysis of the degradation products indicated that the electrochemical degradation of PFOA follows the law of carbon chain step-by-step removal， in which the direct electron transfer between the anode and the pollutant is the key initiation step of degradation. The electrochemical degradation of PFSA and perfluorocarboxylic acid（PFCA） with different chain lengths reveals that the length of the carbon chain is positively proportional with the degradation rate and mineralization rate of PFAS， and thus the short-chain products generated by the degradation are the main reason for limiting the complete mineralization of PFAS. In the future， more attention needs to be paid to the efficient removal of short-chain and ultrashort-chain PFAS in order to meet the demand for the complete detoxification of PFAS through electrochemical technologies.

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Photolysis of Photoremovable Protecting Group Molecule Mediated by the Host-guest Interaction of Cucurbit［n］uril

LIU Chong, LIU Simin

Chem. J. Chinese Universities 2025, 46 (5): 20250033-. DOI: 10.7503/cjcu20250033

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An aromatic acridine derivative with photoremovable protecting group（PPG） properties was designed and synthesized. The host-guest recognition process between this guest molecule and cucurbit［n］uril（CB［n］， n=7， 8， 10） was investigated， along with the effects of host-guest interaction on the photolysis of the guest in aqueous-phase using nuclear magnetic resonance（NMR）， ultraviolet visible（UV-Vis） and fluorescence spectroscopies. The results showed that CB［7］ formed a 1׃1 host-guest inclusion complex， while CB［8］ formed both 1׃1 and 1׃2 complexes with the guest. Similarly， CB［10］ exhibited a 1׃2 binding mode. Furthermore， CB［7］ was found to inhibit the photolysis， whereas CB［8］ significantly enhanced the photolysis rate of the guest. This study highlights how subtle variations in CB［n］ cavity size influence the photolysis reaction， offering insights into the design of CB［n］-based nanoreactor- mediated supramolecular systems for aqueous-phase photolysis of PPG molecules.

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H₃PO₄ Protonation-modified g-C₃N₄ and Its Photocatalytic H₂O₂ Production Properties

ZHENG Na, NIE Lijun, GAO Yuhang, XUE Kunkun, HAN Xiaobei, MA Yueyu, REN Lirong, SU Wangchao, SHI Jianhui

Chem. J. Chinese Universities 2025, 46 (4): 20240485-. DOI: 10.7503/cjcu20240485

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In this study， bulk graphite phase carbon nitride g-C₃N₄（BCN） was prepared by using melamine as the precursor， BCN was hydrothermally treated with different concentrations of H₃PO₄， to prepare protonated modified g-C₃N₄（PBCN _x ）， and then PBCN _x was purified by DMSO solvent to obtain the corresponding PBCN_x-D sample. The structural morphology of the sample was characterized by X-ray diffraction（XRD）， Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FTIR）， transmission electron microscope（TEM）， and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS）. The results prove that PBCN _x -D not only retains the original structure of g-C₃N₄， but also has a thin layer structure， larger surface area and more amino defects， and these properties enhance its photocatalytic activity. The analysis of transient photocurrent（TPC）， electrochemical impedance（EIS）， photoluminescence spectrum（PL） and UV-visible diffuse reflection spectrum（UV-Vis DRS） show that the electron-hole recombination of PBCN _x -D is significantly reduced. It is worth noting that BCN forms poorly photoresponsive melem molecules during the protonation process. After purification with DMSO solvent， the photoelectrochemical properties of PBCN _x -D are further improved. In the experiment of photocatalytic production of H₂O₂， PBCN₁₀-D shows the best photocatalytic activity， with a H₂O₂ yield of 0.502 mmol/L after 5 h of light irradiation， which is 7.17 times than that of the initial BCN.

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D-A Type Covalent Organic Framework Nanorods for Visible Light Catalyzed Benzylamine Coupling Reaction

ZHANG Xiaohui, ZHAO Dongdong, ZHANG Junjie, ZHUANG Jinliang

Chem. J. Chinese Universities 2025, 46 (7): 20250020-. DOI: 10.7503/cjcu20250020

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Covalent organic frameworks（COFs） are a new type of covalently bonded crystalline materials with predictable structures and permanent porosity. COFs have found extensive applications in heterogeneous catalysts. In this study， organic monomers containing photoactive pyrene groups（TFPPy） and benzothiadiazole（BTz） were used as building units for the construction of COFs. The donor-acceptor（D-A） type TFPPy-BTz-COF nanorods photocatalysts were successfully synthesized via a solvent-thermal method. The morphology， structure， and composition of TFPPy-BTz-COF were characterized by scanning electron microscopy（SEM）， high-resolution transmission electron microscopy（HRTEM）， X-ray diffraction（XRD）， UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy（UV-Vis DRS）， Fourier-transform infrared（FTIR） spectroscopy， and N₂ adsorption-desorption measurements. The as-synthesized TFPPy-BTz-COF nanorods exhibit a rod-like morphology with a high degree of crystallinity， a specific surface area（BET） of 118.86 m²/g， and a band gap（E_g） of 2.30 eV. Benefiting from their efficient photogenerated photo-electron pair ability， the TFPPy-BTz-COF nanorods enable the coupling reaction of various amines with high efficiency and selectivity under conditions of room temperature， oxygen atmosphere， and visible light irradiation. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy（EPR） and active species trapping experiments suggested that the singlet oxygen （¹O₂） and superoxide radical（ $O 2 ∙ -$ ） are key intermediates， and a catalytic mechanism for the visible light mediated photocatalytic oxidation coupling of benzylamines catalyzed by TFPPy-BTz-COF was proposed.

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Synthesis， Structure， Magnetism of a Thorium-Iron Oxo Cluster and Its Application in Catalyzing the Coupling Reaction of Benzylamine

WANG Chunhui, ZHANG Yang, HAN Zhe, GAO Yuan, HE Puyong, FAN Chaoyue, QIU Jie

Chem. J. Chinese Universities 2025, 46 (3): 20240437-. DOI: 10.7503/cjcu20240437

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A novel negatively charged thorium-iron oxo cluster，［Th₂Fe₁₀O₄（C₆H₅PO₃）₁₂（CH₃O）₈Cl₄］^6-（Th₂Fe₁₀） was synthesized via the solvothermal method. Multiple techniques were employed to investigate its structure， chemical compositions， magnetic properties and catalytic performance. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction data revealed that the structure of Th₂Fe₁₀ represents a novel dodecanuclear Th-Fe oxo cluster， which is formed due to the synergistic hydrolysis， alcoholysis and condensation reactions of Th（Ⅳ） and Fe（Ⅲ） ions， along with the passivation by phenylphosphonate groups. Th₂Fe₁₀ is not only the second reported Th-Fe oxo cluster， but also one of the few actinide-transition metal oxo clusters. The crystals of Th₂Fe₁₀ exhibit remarkable visible light absorption properties and strong antiferromagnetic exchange interactions between Fe（Ⅲ） ions. Moreover， Th₂Fe₁₀ possesses excellent performance in catalyzing the benzylamine coupling reaction， achieving up to 94% conversion and 96% selectivity， while maintaining good catalytic performance after multiple cycles. Scavenging experiments of reactive species demonstrated that electrons， holes， ¹O₂ and ·OH play significant roles in the catalytic process， which was further verified through electrochemical measurements and electron paramagnetic resonance（EPR） spectroscopy. The catalytic reaction mechanism was postulated based on these experimental results.

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Preparation of Ti₃C₂-MXene/CuS/PVDF Composite Photothermal Membrane and Its Solar-driven Interfacial Water Evaporation Performance

JIANG Yanli, XU Yunsong, WANG Jiankang, LI Weihao, SONG Ying, WANG Xinzhi, YAO Zhongping

Chem. J. Chinese Universities 2025, 46 (4): 20240469-. DOI: 10.7503/cjcu20240469

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Ti₃C₂-MXene/CuS composite was synthesized by chemical etching and solvothermal method， and then Ti₃C₂-MXene/CuS/PVDF（polyvinylidene fluoride） composite photothermal film was obtained by vacuum filtration. Finally， its interfacial water evaporation performance was studied. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy characterization showed that CuS nanoparticles successfully coated Ti₃C₂-MXene and filled its lamellar gap. The results of interfacial water evaporation revealed that the best performance was obtained at the reaction temperature of 180 ℃ and the reaction time of 9 h. The interfacial evaporation rate and evaporation efficiency were 1.92 kg·m^‒2·h^‒1 and 110.4%， respectively under light intensity of 1 kW/m². In addition， desalination effect and cycling stability in seawater desalination of the composite photothermal film is good. The results of UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy（DRS） and photothermal conversion performance showed that the combination of Ti₃C₂-MXene and CuS improved the light absorption capacity and photothermal conversion efficiency. By exerting the synergistic effect between them， the photothermal conversion and interfacial evaporation properties of the materials were significantly improved. This work can provide reference for the development of low cost and high performance photothermal conversion materials.

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Controlled Nucleation Growth and Mechanism of Simultaneous Capture of PM and CO₂ in Conjugated Microporous Polymer-Carbon Nanotube Mixed Matrix Membranes

XU Mingwei, YANG Shangxue, LIU Guanlin, WANG Shaozhen, WANG Cunmin, LI Jiaqi, LI Xiang, ZHANG Yifan, ZHANG Mingming, HE Xinjian, XU Huan

Chem. J. Chinese Universities 2025, 46 (4): 20240506-. DOI: 10.7503/cjcu20240506

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Mixed matrix membranes（MMMs） are extensively utilized to enhance adsorption and separation performance by integrating the advantageous properties of polymers with organic and inorganic fillers. Conjugated microporous polymers（CMPs）， characterized by their hierarchical porous structure and abundant heteroatom adsorption sites， demonstrate efficient and stable gas adsorption and separation capabilities in complex environments. Herein， we constructed a CMPs membrane supported by a carbon nanotubes（CNTs） network， utilizing three-dimensional network structured CNTs as a flexible substrate and CMPs with hierarchical porous structures and abundant heteroatom adsorption sites as the adsorptive active layer， aiming to address the challenge of self-membrane formation in porous polymers during the preparation process. The fabricated CMP-CNTs membrane retains the three-dimensional reticulated structure of CNTs and the hierarchical porous structure of CMPs， ensuring efficient adsorption and separation of particulate matter（PM） and carbon dioxide/nitrogen（CO₂/N₂） while significantly reducing permeation resistance. In acidic and alkaline environments， the interception efficiency of CMP-CNTs for PM_3.0 exceeds 99.9%. The pore property characterization indicate that CMP-CNTs have dimensional characteristics similar to the molecular dynamic diameter of gases and a polar-induced environment caused by nitrogen and oxygen heteroatoms， giving them excellent CO₂/N₂ separation capacity. The selectivity of CMP-CNTs for the CO₂/N₂ mixture reaches an impressive value of 119 at 273 K and 1.0 bar（1 bar = 0.1 MPa）. This study proposes an MMM formed by coaxially covalently grafting CMPs onto the surface of CNTs to create a core-shell structure， thus demonstrating a processing approach that leverages the complementary advantages of porous polymers and flexible substrates， showcasing design flexibility and process universality.

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Ordered Lithium Deposition on Lithium Metal Anode Controlled by Boron-doped Carbon Dots from Solid-state Synthesis

NI Jiawen, HUANG Zunhui, SONG Tianbing, MA Qianli, HE Tianle, ZHANG Xirong, XIONG Huanming

Chem. J. Chinese Universities 2025, 46 (6): 20240185-. DOI: 10.7503/cjcu20240185

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Boron-doped carbon dots（B-CDs） synthesized via solid-phase method were employed as electrolyte additives for lithium metal batteries. The carbon dots were prepared through the catalytic pyrolysis of carbon sources in air， highlighting high yield， efficiency， safety， and convenience. Synthesized from 1，3，5-trihydroxy-benzen and boric acid， the B-CDs exhibited excellent dispersibility in carbonate-based electrolytes. The doped boron atoms， serving as electron-deficient centers， could engage fluorinated anion groups through Lewis acid-base interactions， thus inducing uniform lithium-ion deposition on the lithium anode. At an additive concentration of 0.3 mg/mL， a lithium symmetric cell demonstrated stable cycling for 2500 h under a current density of 0.5 mA/cm² and a plating capacity of 0.5 mA·h/cm²， indicating that the carbon dot additive significantly enhanced the reversibility of lithium deposition/dissolution. When these carbon dots were incorporated into electrolytes of a LiFePO₄ full cell， an initial capacity of 144.4 mA·h/g was achieved， with a capacity retention of 95.1% after 100 cycles.

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