Research Progress in the Electrospun Nanofiber-based Supercapacitor Electrode Materials†

doi:10.7503/cjcu20180195

Abstract

Abstract:

Electrospun nanofibers are regarded as ideal candidates for energy storage materials due to their large specific surface area, high porosity, low density and other merits. In this review, we have presented the recent application progress of the electrospun carbon nanofibers, metal oxides/sulfides/nitrides, conducting polymers and their composites in supercapacitor electrodes. In addition, the relationship between the composition, structure and electrochemical performance was discussed in detail. Finally, the prospects for the development of the electrospun nanofiber-based electrode materials are highlighted. It is expected that this review will stimulate ideas and inspiration for the architecture design and controllable preparation of high-performance supercapacitor electrode materials.

Key words: Electrospinning, Nanofiber, Supercapacitor, Electrode material

CLC Number:

O631

NIE Guangdi, ZHU Yun, TIAN Di, WANG Ce. Research Progress in the Electrospun Nanofiber-based Supercapacitor Electrode Materials^†[J]. Chemical Journal of Chinese Universities, 2018, 39(7): 1349-1363.

Figures/Tables 6

Fig.2 Schematic illustration of the gradient electrospinning and controlled pyrolysis process(A), TEM image of Co3O4 mesoporous nanotubes(B), CV curves measured at scan rate from 20 mV/s to 1000 mV/s(C), specific capacitance as a function of scan rates(D) and long-term cycling performance of Co3O4 mesoporous nanotubes at 10 V/s(E)[52]^1. Distribution of different-molecular-weight PVA in the radial direction of composite nanofibors; 2. PVA and inorganic materials moving towards the higher-molecular-weight PVA with the temperature rising slowly; 3. the preliminary pyrohysed PVA and inorganic materials converge together in the tube walls; 4. formation of mesoporous nanotubes in different gas atmospheres.^Copyright 2015, Springer Nature.

Fig.3 Schematic illustration of the preparation process of MxCo3-xS4 nanotubes with electrospun PAN nanofibers as soft templates(A), TEM images of MnCo2S4 nanotubes(B) and electrochemical performance of MnCo2S4(a) and NiCo2S4(b) nanotubes, CV curves obtained at a scan rate of 2 mV/s(C), galvanostatic charge-discharge profiles tested at a current density of 5 A/g(D), specific capacitance at different current densities(E) and cycling stability(F)[65]^Ⅰ Growth progress of M-Co shell layer on PAN nanofiber; Ⅱ solution sulfidation progress; Ⅲ removal progress of template using DMF solvent.^Copyright 2015, John Wiley and Sons.

Fig.4 Schematic illustration of the preparation process(A), SEM image of hollow PANi nanofibers(B), CV curves measured at different scan rates(C) and specific capacitance as a function of current density(D)[77]^Copyright 2013, American Chemical Society.

Fig.6 SEM image(MnO2 mass loading: 0.95 mg/cm2)(A, B) and galvanostatic charge-discharge profiles measured at a current density of 0.5 A/g of the core-shell MnO2/C nanofibers with two different diameters(C, D)[83]^(A) Mn-0.95/C-250; (B) Mn-0.95/C-650; (C) Mn/C-250; (D) Mn/C-650.^Copyright 2017, Royal Society of Chemistry.

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