Preparative Chemistry of N-containing Porous Carbon Nanofibers for Capacity Improvement in Lithium-sulfur Battery †

doi:10.7503/cjcu20190549

Abstract

Abstract:

Mesoporous nitrogen-containing carbon nanofibers(MT-C) were prepared via carbonization of polyacrylonitrile(PAN) nanofibers at 1000 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere with polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP) acting as pore-making agent. Under condition of m(PVP)/m(PAN)=2∶1, MT-C-0.4 with the largest specific surface area of 190.8 m ²/g exhibits the initial discharge specific capacity of 1269.4 mA·h/g at 0.05C. After 300 cycles at 0.5C, the specific capacity maintains at 658.3 mA·h/g with a capacity decay rate of 0.14% per cycle. In addition, when the sulfur areal loading amount is 1 mg/cm ², the MT-C-0.4/S presents the best electrochemical performances.

Key words: Carbon nano-material, Electrospinning, Pore structure regulation, Nitrogen-doping, Lithium/sulfur battery

CLC Number:

O646

TrendMD:

WANG Xia, LIU Yanji, JIA Yongfeng, JI Lei, HU Quanli, DUAN Limei, LIU Jinghai. Preparative Chemistry of N-containing Porous Carbon Nanofibers for Capacity Improvement in Lithium-sulfur Battery ^†[J]. Chem. J. Chinese Universities, 2020, 41(4): 829.

Figures/Tables 9

Fig.1 SEM images of MT-C with different amounts of PAN and P-C(A) MT-C-0.3; (B) MT-C-0.4; (C) MT-C-0.6; (D) MT-C-0.8; (E) P-C.

Fig.2 TEM(A, B, D, E) and STEM(C, F) images of P-C(A—C) and MT-C-0.4(D—F)

Fig.3 Elemental mapping images of P-C(A—C) and MT-C-0.4(D—F)(A, D) Carbon; (B, E) oxygen; (C, F) nitrogen.

Fig.4 Nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms(A, C) and pore size distributions(B, D) for P-C(A, B) and MT-C-0.4(C, D)Insets: BET curves; SSA: specific surface area.

Sample	Surface area/(m²·g^-1)	Total-pore volume/(cm³·g^-1)	Micropore volume/(cm³·g^-1)	Average pore diameter/nm
MT-C-0.3	18.8	0.01	0.006	2.43
MT-C-0.4	190.8	0.13	0.066	2.82
MT-C-0.6	117.6	0.16	0.022	5.55
MT-C-0.8	129.3	0.29	0.021	9.22

Fig.5 XRD patterns(A), Raman spectra(B), electrical resistivity(C) of P-C and MT-C-0.4, and TG curves(D) of MT-C-0.4/S and P-C/S

Fig.6 CV curves(A, C) and rate capabilities(B, D) of P-C/S(A, B) and MT-C-0.4/S(C, D) as cathode in Li/S cells (A), (C) Scan rate: 0.1 mV/s.

Fig.7 EIS curves(A) and cycling stability(B) of MT-C-0.4/S and P-C/S Inset: model circuit.

Fig.8 Electrochemical performances of MT-C-0.4/S with different S contents(A) CV curves, scan rate: 0.1 mV/s; (B) rate capabilities; (C) EIS curves. Inset in (C): model circuit; (D) cycling stability.

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