Glucose Sensor of Spirally Hierarchical Structure with ZnO Nanowires Synthesized on a Spiralled Au Fiber†

doi:10.7503/cjcu20130761

Abstract

Abstract:

In this paper, a spirally hierarchical structure-based enzymatic glucose sensor was constructed and characterized. An Au fiber of diameter 30 μm was spiraled on an optical fiber core of diameter 125 μm, for-ming a cylindrical spiral. ZnO nanowires were hydrothermally synthesized on the surface of the cylindrical spiral, generating a spirally hierarchical structure. Glucose oxidase(GOD) was physically adsorbed on the ZnO nanowires, producing the working electrode of the glucose sensor. Based on micrographs of scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and operators of filtration, line edge detection and fitting of MatLab software, the surface morphology of the spirally hierarchical structure and the adsorption of GOD of activity 50 units/mg on its surface were qualitatively and quantitatively characterized, and the effect of the surface morphology of this non-Gaussian rough surface on GOD adsorption also was briefly investigated. Based on the three-electrode system, cyclic voltammetry and amperometric response were employed to evaluate the performance of 12 glucose sensors. The sensitivity, the linear range, Michaelis-Menten constant and the detection limit of these 12 glucose sensors were determined to be (1.410±0.665) μA·L/(mmol·cm²), 0―(4.292±0.652) mmol/L, (3.571±1.280) mmol/L, and (14.085±8.393) μmol/L, respectively. With GOD of higher activity used, a glucose sensor with better performance can be constructed. This three-electrode system-based glucose sensor with a spirally hierarchical structure can be employed to detect concentrations of uric acid, urea, cholesterol, hydroperoxide and phenol in medicine, biology, food industry and environmental monitoring domain.

Key words: ZnO nanowires, Hierarchical structure, Glucose biosensor, Cyclic voltammetry, Amperometric response

CLC Number:

O657.1

TrendMD:

JING Weixuan, ZHOU Fan, CHEN Lujia, QI Han, JIANG Zhuangde, WANG Bing, NIU Lingling. Glucose Sensor of Spirally Hierarchical Structure with ZnO Nanowires Synthesized on a Spiralled Au Fiber^†[J]. Chem. J. Chinese Universities, 2014, 35(3): 493.

Figures/Tables 5

Fig.1 Schematic of spirally hierarchical structure-based glucose sensor(A) The three-electrode system based glucose sensor; (B) schematic of spirally hierarchical structure-based working electrode.

Fig.2 SEM images of Au spiral and ZnO nanowires-based spirally hierarchical structure(A) Au spiral; (B) ZnO nanowires-based spirally hierarchical structure; (C) surface morphology of the spirally hierarchical structure; (D) ZnO nanowires on the spirally hierarchical structure.

Fig.3 Immobilization of GOD on the surface of ZnO nanowires-based spirally hierarchical structure (A) GOD on the surface of the spirally hierarchical structure; (B) GOD on ZnO nanowires.

Fig.4 Cyclic voltammograms of spiral hierarchical structure-based glucose sensor in PBS buffer(a) and 6 mmol/L glucose solution(b) Scan rate: 50 mV/s.

Fig.5 Amperometric responses(A) Amperometric responses of spirally hierarchical structure-based working electrode with successive addition of glucose to 10 mmol/L PBS buffer under stirring. The applied potential was 0.8 V; (B) calibration curves for glucose using spirally hierarchical structure-based working electrode; the straight line is a linear fit to the plot. (C) the Lineweaver-Burk plot.

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