高等学校化学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (6): 20250366.doi: 10.7503/cjcu20250366

• 有机化学 • 上一篇    下一篇

水的参与对不同路易斯酸碱对络合作用的影响

陈俏1, 高梦月2, 温志国1, 田冲1(), 聂万丽3()   

  1. 1.乐山师范学院新能源材料与化学学院,天然产物化学与小分子催化四川省高校重点实验室,乐山 614000
    2.武汉市农业科学院环境与安全研究所,武汉 430072
    3.深圳北理莫斯科大学材料科学系,深圳 518172
  • 收稿日期:2025-12-03 出版日期:2026-06-10 发布日期:2026-01-10
  • 通讯作者: 田冲 E-mail:tianchong30@163.com;niewl126@126.com
  • 作者简介:聂万丽, 女, 博士, 教授, 主要从事有机合成化学方面的研究. E-mail: niewl126@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    武汉市农业科学院2025年创新项目青年创新(QNCX202521);晶硅光伏新能源研究院开放课题项目(2022CHXK0012);乐山师范学院项目(TRCWYXFZCH2022B03);乐山师范学院项目(RC2025017);乐山师范学院项目(ZM202204504);乐山师范学院项目(DGZZ202018);乐山师范学院项目(GJ05)

Interaction of Water to the Complexation of Lewis Acids and Bases

CHEN Qiao1, GAO Mengyue2, WEN Zhiguo1, TIAN Chong1(), NIE Wanli3()   

  1. 1.Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Small Molecule Synthesis,College of New Energy Materials and Chemistry,Leshan Normal University,Leshan 614000,China
    2.Institute of Environment and Safety,Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan 430072,China
    3.Department of Materials Science,Shenzhen MSU?BIT University,Shenzhen 518172,China
  • Received:2025-12-03 Online:2026-06-10 Published:2026-01-10
  • Contact: TIAN Chong E-mail:tianchong30@163.com;niewl126@126.com
  • Supported by:
    the Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences 2025 Innovation Project Youth Innovation Program, China(QNCX202521);the Crystalline Silicon Photovoltaic New Energy Research Institute Open Project, China(2022CHXK0012);the Leshan Normal University Project, China(TRCWYXFZCH2022B03)

摘要:

以三(五氟苯基)硼烷(BCF)为路易斯酸, 结合11B/19F NMR光谱分析与理论计算, 研究了11种取代胺在不同比例水存在下与 BCF的配位及相互转化规律, 并探讨了这些体系与苯基硅烷反应时的活性特征. 结果表明, 胺/ BCF/H2O体系主要以B—N配位、 羟基硼铵盐B—OH及三组分氢键络合“LB…H—(H)O…LA”3种配位形式存在. 当体系中H2O的比例达到或超过BCF时, 配位平衡明显向三组分的含水态转移, 这一转变显著改变了反应底物的质子化及硅烷还原活性, 进而决定与PhSiH3的活化路径. 研究结果不仅为阐明含水条件下硼烷参与反应的机理提供了实验证据, 也为在含水环境中设计与拓展受限路易斯酸-碱对(FLPs)化学催化体系提供了理论与应用指导.

关键词: 水, 有机胺, 三(五氟苯基)硼烷, 路易斯酸, 路易斯碱

Abstract:

This work systematically investigates the coordination and interconversion behaviors of tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane(BCF) with eleven substituted amines in the presence of varying amounts of water, employing 11B/19F-NMR spectroscopy and theoretical calculations. The catalytic activity of these systems in reactions with phenylsilane was further explored. The results indicate that the amine/BCF/H2O systems primarily exist in three coordination modes: B—N coordination, boronium hydroxide(B—OH) species, and a three-component hydrogen-bonded complex of the type “LB···H—(H)O···LA”. When the molar ratio of H2O reaches or exceeds that of BCF, the coordination equilibrium shifts significantly toward the hydrated three-component form. This shift markedly alters the protonation capability of the substrates and their reactivity in silane reduction, thereby determining the activation pathway with PhSiH3. This study not only provides experimental evidence to elucidate the reaction mechanisms of boranes under aqueous conditions but also offers theoretical and practical guidance for designing and expanding Frustrated Lewis Pairs(FLPs) catalytic systems in aqueous environments.

Key words: Water, Amines, Tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane(BCF), Lewis acid, Lewis base

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