Chem. J. Chinese Universities ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (4): 20250324.doi: 10.7503/cjcu20250324

• Article • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Side-chain Engineering of “Bridging” Polymer Acceptors with Donor/Acceptor Dual Similarity for High-performance Ternary Organic Solar Cells

LIU Miaomiao1,2, FU Mengran1,2, GAO Die2, ZHANG Wanpeng1, LIANG Ying2, HE Yuanyuan3, ZHAO Qiaoqiao1(), ZHAO Tingxing2(), LI Hongbo2, DING Zicheng5, HAN Yanchun4()   

  1. 1.State Key Laboratory of Green Papermaking and Resource Recycling,Qilu University of Technology,Shandong Academy of Sciences,Jinan 250353,China
    2.School of Materials and Chemistry,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang 621010,China
    3.College of Materials Science and Engineering,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China
    4.State Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology,Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130022,China
    5.School of Materials Science and Engineering,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi’an 710119,China
  • Received:2025-10-31 Online:2026-04-10 Published:2026-01-10
  • Contact: ZHAO Qiaoqiao, ZHAO Tingxing, HAN Yanchun E-mail:18766192180@163.com;tingxingzhao@swust.edu.cn;ychan@ciac.ac.cn
  • Supported by:
    the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation, China(ZR2022QE135);山东省自然科学基金(ZR2022QE135);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52203024);国家自然科学基金(52203024);the Youth Innovation Team Project of Shandong Provincial University, China(2023KJ330);山东省高等学校“青创团队计划”(2023KJ330);the Major Scientific Research Project for the Construction of State Key Lab, China(2025ZDGZ02);全国重点实验室建设重大科研专项(2025ZDGZ02);the Doctoral Research Foundation of SWUST, China(22zx7129);西南科技大学博士基金(22zx7129);the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province of China(2024NSFSC2006);四川省自然科学基金(2024NSFSC2006)

Abstract:

The morphology of active layer plays a critical role in determining the photovoltaic performance of organic solar cells(OSCs). However, binary blends often suffer from suboptimal phase separation, which limits the efficiency of OSCs. Herein, two bridging polymer acceptors(PAs)—benzodithiophene-(2-ethylhexyl)oxy(BDT-C2C4) and benzodithiophene-octyloxy(BDT-C8)—are designed and synthesized by combining a benzodithiophene(BDT) unit as the donor moiety[poly({4,8-bis[5-(2-ethylhexyl)-4-fluorothiophen-2-yl]benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene-2,6-diyl}){5,8-bis[4-(2-butyloctyl)thiophen-2-yl]dithieno[3',2':3,4]}, D18], and a 2,2′-((2Z,2′Z)-{[12,13-Bis(2-butyloctyl)-12,13-dihydro-3,9-dinonylthieno[2,3]thieno[3,2-b]pyrrolo[4,5-g]thieno[2,3-b]indole-2,10-diyl]bis(methanylylidene)}bis(3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-indene-2,1-diylidene))dimalononitrile(Y6) derivative as the acceptor moiety. BDT-C2C4 and BDT-C8 are functionalized with (2-ethylhexyl)oxy and octyloxy side chains on the BDT unit, respectively. Both PAs show complementary absorption and cascaded energy levels with the donor D18 and the acceptor 2,2′-((2Z,2′Z)-{[12,13-bis(3-ethylheptyl)-3,9-diundecyl-12,13-dihydro-[1,2,5]thiadiazolo[3,4-e]thieno [2″,3″∶4′,5′]thieno[2′,3′∶4,5]pyrrolo[3,2-g]thieno[2′,3′∶4,5]thieno[3,2-b]indole-2,10-diyl]bis(methaneylylidene)}bis(5,6-difluoro-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-indene-2,1-diylidene))dimalononitrile(N3), but BDT-C8 exhibits better compatibility with D18 and N3 compared to BDT-C2C4. When incorporated as a third component into the D18∶N3 blend, both PAs improve the active layer morphology. In particular, the D18∶N3∶BDT-C8 blend shows significantly optimized morphology, featuring reduced phase separation and a fibrous network structure. As a result, the device based on D18∶N3∶BDT-C8 achieves a power conversion efficiency of 18.18%, significantly higher than that of the device based on D18∶N3(ca.17.37%). This work presents a compatibilizer strategy for optimizing blend morphology towards high-performance ternary OSCs.

Key words: Organic solar cell, Ternary strategy, Polymer acceptor, Active layer morphology

CLC Number: 

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