Synthesis and Electrochemical Performance of LiTi2(PO4)3/C Anode for Aqueous Lithium-ion Batteries†

doi:10.7503/cjcu20140940

Abstract

Abstract:

Nano-lithium titanium phosphate(LTP) was synthesized by a Pechini type method. Using polyvinyl alcohol(PVA) as a carbon source, carbon coated LTP(LTP/C) was prepared with different dispersing methods of carbon source. Factors that influence the electrochemical performance of LTP/C anode were discussed. The results indicate that the electrochemical performance of LTP/C anode is mainly dependent on the purity of crystalline phase and degree of crystallinity of LTP and the degree of uniformity for coating carbon on the surface of LTP particles. Nano LTP/C prepared by rotating evaporation dispersing method of carbon source has high purity of crystalline phase and excellent degree of crystallinity, and the coating carbon layer on the surface of nano LTP is very uniform, as a result, excellent electrochemical performance for this LTP/C anode was obtained. An initial discharge capacity of 123 mA·h/g and a capacity retention of over 85% after 200 cycles with a coulombic efficiency above 95% were observed at a 4C rate in pH-neutral 5 mol/L LiNO₃.

Key words: Aqueous lithium-ion battery, Pechini method, LiTi2(PO4)3, Carbon coating

CLC Number:

O646

TrendMD:

ZHAO Ping, WEN Yuehua, CHENG Jie, SHEN Yaju, CAO Gaoping, YANG Yusheng. Synthesis and Electrochemical Performance of LiTi₂(PO₄)₃/C Anode for Aqueous Lithium-ion Batteries^†[J]. Chem. J. Chinese Universities, 2015, 36(6): 1180.

Figures/Tables 12

Fig.1 CV curves of LTP electrode at a scan rate of 5 mV/s

Fig.2 CV curves of LTP/C electrodes prepared by different dispersing methods of carbon source at a scan rate of 5 mV/sDispersing methods of carbon source: (A) stirring heating; (B) rotating evaporation; (C) spray drying.

Fig.3 CV curves of LTP/C electrodes prepared by different dispersing methods of carbon source at a scan rate of 0.5 mV/s Dispersing methods of carbon source: (A) stirring heating; (B) rotating evaporation; (C) spray drying.

Fig.4 Nyquist plots of LTP/C electrodes prepared by different dispersing methods of carbon sourceDispersing methods of carbon source: a. stirring heating; b. rotating evaporation; c. spray drying.

Fig.5 Charge(a, b) and discharge(a', b') curves of LTP electrodes for 1(a, a') and 2(b, b') cycles at a current rate of 4C

Fig.6 Typical charge(a—c) and discharge(a'—c') curves of LTP/C electrodes with different amounts of coated carbon at a current rate of 4Cw(C): a, a'. 2%; b, b'. 4%; c, c'. 6%. The dispersing method of carbon source is rotating evaporation.

Fig.7 Charge(a—c) and discharge(a'—c') curves of LTP and LTP/C electrodes prepared by different dispersing methods of carbon source in the first cycleDispersing methods of carbon source: a. stirring hea-ting; b. rotating evaporation; c. spray drying.

Fig.8 Specific capacity and coulomb efficiency vs. cycle number of LTP/C prepared by different dispersing methods of carbon source at a rate of 4CDispersing methods of carbon source: (A) stirring heating; (B) rotating evaporation; (C) spray drying.

Fig.9 Cycling performance of LTP/C prepared by rotating evaporation dispersing methods of carbon source at a rate of 4C

Fig.10 SEM images of LTP(A) and LTP/C(B—D) prepared by different dispersing methods of carbon source Dispersing methods of carbon source: (B) stirring heating; (C) spray drying; (D) rotating evaporation.

Fig.11 TEM images of LTP/C prepared by different dispersing methods of carbon sourceDispersing methods of carbon source: (A) stirring heating; (B) spray drying; (C) rotating evaporation.

Fig.12 XRD patterns of LTP/C prepared by different dispersing methods of carbon sourceDispersing methods of carbon source:a. spray drying; b. stirring heating; c. rotating evaporation.

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Synthesis and Electrochemical Performance of LiTi₂(PO₄)₃/C Anode for Aqueous Lithium-ion Batteries^†

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