Solar Thermal-electrochemical Synthesis of Benzoic Acid†

doi:10.7503/cjcu20150648

Abstract

Abstract:

Through solar thermal-electrochemical process(STEP) benzoic acid was synthesized by toluene oxidation. The synthesis of benzoic acid was totally driven by solar energy. Direct electro-oxidation behaviors of toluene were studied by cyclic voltammetry(CV) under constant electrolysis potential with three different anodes(platinum, nickel and graphite) in sulfuric acid and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate(SDBS). Results showed that the main product of toluene electro-oxidation in the sulfuric acid and surfactant SDBS was benzoic acid, which was detected by gas chromatography(GC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR) and UV spectrophotometry(UV). The yield of benzoic acid could reach up to 51.6% from toluene by using graphite as anode in the sulfuric acid and surfactant system at 90 ℃ with STEP mode. A new green way of STEP for benzoic acid synthesis was provided.

Key words: Solar energy, Synergistic of thermal and electricity, Electrochemistry, Benzoic acid

CLC Number:

O646

TrendMD:

ZHU Yanji, LIU Xuelin, WANG Huaiyuan, WANG Baohui. Solar Thermal-electrochemical Synthesis of Benzoic Acid^†[J]. Chem. J. Chinese Universities, 2016, 37(2): 322.

Figures/Tables 8

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of benzoic acid synthesis with STEP mode

Table 1 and ET in reaction (3) at different temperatures

T/K	C_p,m/(kJ·mol^-1·K^-1)			Hydrogen	/(kJ·mol^-1)	/(kJ·mol^-1)	E_T/V
T/K	Toluene			Hydrogen	/(kJ·mol^-1)	Benzoic acid	Water
298	166	146.8	75.36	28.83	174.46	115.54	0.1988
303	166	146.8	75.25	28.92	173.21	117.56	0.1978
333	166	146.8	75.33	29.00	171.96	108.61	0.1876
363	166	146.8	75.56	29.06	170.72	102.68	0.1773

Fig.2 CV curves of the electrolyte solution(0.05 mol/L+0.001 mol/L SDBS)(A) and 2000 mL/m3 toluene+electrolyte solution(B)(the scan rate is 10 mV/s)

Fig.3 CV curves of 2000 mL/m3 toluene in 0.05 mol/L H2SO4+0.001 mol/L SDBS on 1.0 cm2 Pt with the scan rate of 10(a), 20(b), 30(c), 40(d) and 50 mV/s(e)

Fig.4 Yield of benzoic acid from toluene with graphite(a), nickel(b) and platinum(c) as anode(electrolysis potential 2.0 V)

Fig.5 Yield of benzoic acid(a—c) and inter-mediates(a'—c') at the graphite anode under different electrolysis potentials at 30 ℃(a, a'), 60 ℃(b, b') and 90 ℃(c, c')

Fig.6 FTIR spectrum of the product

Fig.7 Possible reaction mechanism of toluene to benzoic acid

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