高等学校化学学报

高等学校化学学报 ›› 2000, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (2): 273.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

正丁醇在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺+水溶液中的体积性质

白同春, 韩世钧   

  1. 浙江大学化学系, 杭州 310027
  • 收稿日期:1999-03-31 出版日期:2000-02-24 发布日期:2000-02-24
  • 通讯作者: 韩世钧(1929年出生),男,教授,博士生导师,从事流体相平衡和溶液热力学研究.
  • 基金资助:

    淅江省自然科学基金(批准号:296065)资助

Volumetric Properties of1-Butanol in N,N-Dimethylformamide+Water Mixed Solvents

BAI Tong-Chun, HAN Shi-Jun   

  1. Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
  • Received:1999-03-31 Online:2000-02-24 Published:2000-02-24

PDF (PC)

被引次数

11

摘要： 测定了298.15K时正丁醇+N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)+水三元系的密度.求出正丁醇在DMF+水混合溶剂中的表观摩尔体积.观察到:(1)Φ20,E～fm与VDMFE～fm之间存在相似变化关系,其中Φ20,E为正丁醇的过量无限稀释表观摩尔体积,VDMFE为DMF+水二元系中DMF的过量偏摩尔体积,fm为混合溶剂中DMF的摩尔分数.(2)B1～fm与Φ20,E～fm之间存在反向变化关系.B1为体积第二维里系数.这些关系反映了溶质的溶剂化对溶质间相互作用的影响.溶质的疏水水化越强,溶剂化溶质之间的"同分子对"相互作用就越弱.利用定标粒子理论,讨论了空腔体积和相互作用体积对Φ20～fm,B1～fm关系的影响.

关键词: 正丁醇, 二甲基甲酰胺, 水, 表观体积, 溶质溶剂化, 定标粒子理论

Abstract: Densities of ternary mixture (1-butanol+N,N-dimethylformamide+water) at 298.15 Khave been measured. The apparent molar volumes of 1-butanol in DMF+water mixed solvents have been evaluated from density data. Asimilar feature between Φ20,E～fm and VDMFE～fmcurves, and opposite feature between B 1 ～fmand Φ20,E～fmcurves have been observed, where Φ20,Eis the excess apparent molar volume of 1-butanol at infinite dilution, VDMFE is the excess partial molar volume of DMFin DMF+water binary mixture, B 1 is the second volumetric virial coefficients and fmis the mole fraction of DMFin DMF+water mixed solvents. These relationships reflec the interplay between solute solvation and solutesolute interactions. For hydrophobic solutes such as 1butanol, the stronger the solute was hydrated, the weaker the solutesolute interactions become. By using the special particle theory, the effect of cavity volume and interaction volume on the features of B1～fmand Φ20～fmcurves have been discussed.

Key words: 1-Butanol, DMF, Water, Apparent molar volume, Solute solvation, Special particle theory

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