高等学校化学学报

高等学校化学学报 ›› 1999, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (2): 281.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

2,4-二硝基氯苯碱性水解胶团催化的活化能

赵振国, 焦天恕   

  1. 北京大学物理化学研究所, 北京 100871
  • 收稿日期:1998-03-31 出版日期:1999-02-24 发布日期:1999-02-24
  • 通讯作者: 赵振国,男,61岁,教授.
  • 作者简介:赵振国,男,61岁,教授.
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金(批准号:29733110)

Activation Energy of Micellar Catalysis on the Basic Hydrolysis of 2,4-Dinitrochlorobenzene

ZHAO Zhen-Guo, JIAO Tian-Shu   

  1. Institute of Physical Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871
  • Received:1998-03-31 Online:1999-02-24 Published:1999-02-24

PDF (PC)

被引次数

11

摘要： 研究了阳离子表面活性剂氯化十六烷基吡啶(CPC)和十六烷基三甲基氯化铵(CTAC)胶团对2,4-二硝基氯苯(DNCB)碱性水解的催化作用和小分子极性有机物丁醇的加入对该反应的影响,计算了反应活化能.结果表明:(1)CPC和CTAC胶团对DNCB碱性水解都有明显的催化作用;(2)加入少量叔丁醇略有利于提高催化效果;(3)在CPC和CTAC胶团溶液中DNCB碱性水解反应的活化能约为49kJ/mol,比纯水中的91kJ/mol低得多,说明反应机制可能存在差异.

关键词: 胶团催化, 2, 4-二硝基氯苯, 阳离子表面活性剂, 胶团催化活化能

Abstract: The micellar catalysis of cetyl pyridine chloride(CPC) and cetyl trimethyl ammonium chloride(CTAC) on the basic hydrolysis of 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene(DNCB) was investigated and the effect of adding butyl alcohol on the activation energy of the basic hydrolysis under micellar catalysis was calculated. The results show that: (1) The hydrolysis is catalyzed obviously by CPC and CTAC micelles; (2) Addition of small amount of t-C4H9OH en-hances the catalytic effect of CPC micelle; (3) The activation energy of the hydrolysis reaction in the solution of cationic micelles is 49 kJ·mol-1, which is much lower than the value of 91 kJ·mol-1 in water, implying a difference between the mechanisms of hydrolysis reaction in water and in micellar solutions.

Key words: Micellar catalysis, 2,4-Dinitrochlorobenzene, Cationic surfactant, Activation energy of micellar catalysis

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