高等学校化学学报 ›› 1997, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (9): 1527.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

阳离子表面活性剂溴代十六烷基吡啶胶束对2,4-二硝基氯苯水解反应的影响

沈吉静, 赵振国, 马季铭   

  1. 北京大学物理化学研究所, 北京 100871
  • 收稿日期:1996-07-30 出版日期:1997-09-24 发布日期:1997-09-24
  • 通讯作者: 赵振国
  • 作者简介:沈吉静, 女, 24岁, 硕士研究生
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金

Effects of Cationic Surfactant Cetylpyridine Bromide Micelle upon the Hydrolysis of 2,4-Dinitrochlorobenzene

SHEN Ji-Jing, ZHAO Zhen Guo, MA Ji-Ming   

  1. Department of Chemisty. Peking University, Beijing 100871
  • Received:1996-07-30 Online:1997-09-24 Published:1997-09-24

摘要: 阳离子表面活性剂溴代十六烷基吡啶(CPB)胶束对水中OH-和2, 4-二硝基氯苯的反应有催化作用.随CPB浓度的增大, 反应速率常数开始时迅速增大, 然后趋于常数.OH-浓度的增大使胶束催化水解的二级速率常数减小.CPB胶束对此反应的速率提高作用比十六烷基三甲基溴化扶胶束更有效.对这两种胶束催化作用的差异进行了讨论.

关键词: 胶束催化, 2, 4-二硝基氯苯, 溴代十六烷基吡啶

Abstract: The Ieaction between hydroxide ion and 2, 4-dinitrochlorobenzene in water wascatalyzed by cationic micelles of cetylpyridine bromide (CPB). The rate constant first increased sharply. then remained relatively constant as the concentration of CPBincreased.The kinetic form can be interpreted quantatively in terms of incorporation of substrate andhydroxide ion into the eationic micelles. Increasing the hydroxide ion concentration decreasedthe second-order rate constant of the micellar-catalyzed hydrolysis. The rate enhancement ismore pronounced in CPBthan in cetyltrinlethylammonium1 bromide system. The difference ofthe effects of the two cationic micelles has also been discussed.

Key words: Micelle catalysts, 2,4-Dinitrochlorobenzene, Cetylpyridine bromide

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