关键词: 水产品, 食物过敏, 过敏原, 检测, 研究进展

Abstract: Food allergy is an abnormal reaction of the body's immune system to certain foods. It is a health problem that has gained widespread attention around the world. Food allergies commonly occur as a result of the immune system's response to specific foods, often mediated by immunoglobulin E or immune cells. Allergens play a key role in triggering these reactions, underscoring the importance of detecting and identifying allergens to maintain food safety. As an important source of protein, aquatic products are an indispensable part of people's daily diet, the detection of allergens in aquatic products is highly necessary. This review briefly describes the research progress of allergen detection in aquatic products such as fish and shellfish in recent years, and summarizes common allergens, detection methods and technologies, as well as challenges in current research and future development trends. At present, the detection methods for common food allergens currently face challenges, including limitations associated with low detection efficiency, reduced accuracy and high overall costs. These constraints underscore the need for ongoing research and innovation in this area to address these shortcomings. Combining different technical methods to establish efficient, accurate and low-cost allergen detection methods is still an important trend in the development of this research field.

Key words: aquatic products, food allergy, allergens, detection, research progress