高等学校化学学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (3): 20220342.doi: 10.7503/cjcu20220342

• 综合评述 • 上一篇    下一篇

检测核酸表观遗传修饰的测序方法

方鑫1, 赵瑞奇1, 莫婧1, 王雅芬2, 翁小成1,3()   

  1. 1.武汉大学化学与分子科学学院, 武汉 430072
    2.武汉大学公共卫生学院, 武汉 430071
    3.武汉大学中南医院检验科, 武汉 430071
  • 收稿日期:2022-05-15 出版日期:2023-03-10 发布日期:2023-03-14
  • 通讯作者: 翁小成 E-mail:xcweng@whu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(22177087)

Sequencing Methods for Detection of Nucleic Acid Epigenetic Modifications

FANG Xin1, ZHAO Ruiqi1, MO Jing1, WANG Yafen2, WENG Xiaocheng1,3()   

  1. 1.College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China
    2.School of Public Health,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430071,China
    3.Department of Clinical Laboratory,Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University,Wuhan 430071,China
  • Received:2022-05-15 Online:2023-03-10 Published:2023-03-14
  • Contact: WENG Xiaocheng E-mail:xcweng@whu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22177087)

摘要:

生物个体中的所有体细胞享有相同的遗传信息, 但具有不同的RNA表达亚群和蛋白组, 在特定的时间, 实际上只有部分基因被表达并执行其功能. 近年来, 表观遗传学研究的突破在一定程度上帮助人们理解了基因表达的调控. DNA、 RNA 和蛋白质这3类生物大分子在合成后都会进行化学修饰, 这些修饰几乎涉及所有生物过程的调控. 迄今, 已经在DNA和RNA中分别鉴定出超过17种和160种化学修饰, 对DNA和RNA修饰的各种生物学功能的研究兴趣推动了表观基因组学和表观转录组学前沿领域的发展. 开发化学和生物学工具来检测基因组或转录组中的特定修饰是表观基因组学和表观转录组学研究的关键, 本文综述了一些常见的核酸修饰的高通量测序方法, 提出现有方法中的一些瓶颈以及可能的创新方法.

关键词: 表观遗传学, 核酸修饰, 检测技术, 测序

Abstract:

All the somatic cells in an organism share the same genetic information, but have different RNA expression subsets. Only part of genes are expressed and perform their functions at a specific time. In recent years, breakthroughs in epigenetic research have helped people understand the regulation of gene expression to a certain extent. Three types of biological macromolecules: DNA, RNA, and protein, are chemically modified after synthesis. These modifications involve the regulation of almost all biological processes. So far, researchers have identified more than 17 and 160 chemical modifications in DNA and RNA, respectively. The interest in various biological functions of DNA and RNA modifications has promoted the development of the frontier fields of epigenomics and epigenomics. Developing chemical and biological tools to detect specific modifications in the genome or transcriptome is an issue of great concern to us, and it is also a key to the research of epigenomics and epitranscriptomics. Herein, we summarize the detection methods of nucleic acid modifications, and put forward some bottlenecks in the existing technologies and possible innovative methods.

Key words: Epigenetic, Nucleic acid modification, Detection technology, Sequencing

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