With the increasing demands for the Li-ion batteries with high energy and power density， high safety， and long cycle life， the development of high-performance materials through proper structure design and surface functionalization is of great importance. To realize the high performance of materials for Li-ion batteries， advanced processing methods with high efficiency， low cost and simplicity are quite necessary， especially for material synthesis and surface modification. As a simple， fast， high efficiency， and eco-friendly processing technology in the synthesis of nanomaterials， low temperature plasma has been widely explored in the development of materials in Li-ion batteries during recent years and shown great potential for practical applications. This paper reviews the basic principle and common technologies of low temperature plasma， as well as the progress of the applications of plasma in the Li-ion batteries. The applications of low temperature plasma for the material synthesis and surface modification of the essential components of Li-ion batteries， including anodes， cathodes， separators and solid-state electrolytes， are mainly focused on. For the material synthesis， plasma can accelerate the crystal growth， reduce the reaction temperature， and obtain uniform nanostructure by avoiding agglomeration during the growth of particles. Assisting deposition of films and making dense solid-state electrolytes with less contamination are also the merits of low temperature plasma in material synthesis. For the surface modification， plasma can improve the surface properties by in situ coating， etching， and doping with proper atmosphere and functionalize the surface by graft polymerization and the formation of radicals or functional groups. At the same time， surface cleanliness， polarity and wettability can also be changed by plasma processing. These unique characteristics of plasma and the advantages on the applications for Li-ion batteries are thoroughly discussed in this review. In addition， the challenges and directions for future research of the plasma are also prospected.
