Chem. J. Chinese Universities ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (5): 1480.doi: 10.7503/cjcu20200678

• Review • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Advanced 3D Current Collectors for Dendrite-free Lithium Metal Anode

LI Tong1, GU Sichen1, LIN Qiaowei1, HAN Junwei1, ZHOU Guangmin1,2(), LI Baohua1, KANG Feiyu1, LYU Wei1()   

  1. 1.Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School
    2.Tsinghua?Berkeley Shenzhen Institute,Shenzhen 518055,China
  • Received:2020-09-14 Online:2021-05-10 Published:2020-12-07
  • Contact: ZHOU Guangmin,LYU Wei E-mail:guangminzhou@sz.tsinghua.edu.cn;lv.wei@sz.tsinghua.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFE0124500);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51972190);the Guangdong Natural Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scholars, China(2017B030306006)

Abstract:

Nowadays, with the rapid development of electrochemical energy storage market, the present commercial lithium ion batteries cannot meet the growing demand for energy storage devices with higher energy density. Metallic lithium is strongly regarded as the most promising anode candidate for next-generation high-energy-density batteries, due to its superior theoretical capacity and low electrochemical potential. However, there are still several determent issues to be addressed during charging and discharging, including huge volume change, lithium dendrite growth and unstable interface, which seriously hinder its practical application in secondary batteries. Three-dimensional(3D) porous matrixes are considered as ideal current collectors to realize a uniform Li nucleation and dendrite-free Li plating as well as to overcome volume expansion simultaneously. 3D current collectors possess spacial framework, large surface area, abundant pores and high mechanical properties, which enable a lower local current density, uniform electric field distribution and reduced concentration gradient for lithium anode during Li plating/stripping. Although many research papers related to 3D current collectors have been published recently, few comprehensive and systemic evaluation was revealed on the currently various 3D current collector systems. This review focuses on the research progress referring to structure design and practical application of 3D current collectors in lithium anode. Firstly, an analysis about the principle and limitation of lithium dendrite suppression by 3D current collector is provided. Secondly, we pay close attention to strategies for controllable construction, surface modification and functio-nality of a 3D structure and resulting improvement of Li deposition. A comparison among various 3D hosts based on different materials is summarized, in terms of advantages and shortages. Finally, perspectives of the future research based on the practical application in this field are discussed.

Key words: Secondary battery, Lithium metal anode, Three dimension current collector, Lithium dendrite, Uniform deposition

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