Chem. J. Chinese Universities ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (5): 1552.doi: 10.7503/cjcu20200750

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Advances in Alloy-based High-capacity Li-containing Anodes for Lithium-ion Batteries

MAO Eryang1, WANG Li2, SUN Yongming1()   

  1. 1.Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China
    2.Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China
  • Received:2020-10-15 Online:2021-05-10 Published:2021-01-27
  • Contact: SUN Yongming E-mail:yongmingsun@hust.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51802105);the Innovation Fund of Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, China and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China(No.HUST:2019JYCXJJ014)

Abstract:

The emergent Li-containing alloys(LixMy, M refers to metal or nonmetal element that can react with Li to form alloys) is a class of promising electrode materials for next-generation high energy lithium-ion batteries. They deliver high theoretical specific capacities that are several times that of current graphite and can act as active lithium suppliers that are different from traditional lithium-free alloy anodes(Si, Sn, P, etc.). The LixMy anodes can pare with high-capacity Li-free cathodes(such as Sulfur, O2, FeF3, V2O5, etc.) to develop a new full battery system. In this paper, researches on Li-containing alloy-based high-capacity anodes LixMy(e.g., Li4.4Si, Li4.4Sn, Li3P, Li2.25Al, etc.) were reviewed. Scientific challenges and technical difficulties of LixMy anodes were systematically analyzed and discussed. Various methods for materials synthesis and electrodes fabrication were summarized. Furthermore, various full-cell configurations based on LixMy anodes were introduced, including Li-ion batteries(LIBs), Li-ion-sulfur batteries(LISBs), and Li-ion-oxygen batte-ries(LIOBs). Moreover, research strategies and achievements on addressing the challenges of LixMy anodes and improving their performance were discussed, including composition adjustment, surface coating, material composite, electrode treatment, and electrolyte engineering, etc. Also, perspectives and new insights for the future development of LixMy anodes are proposed.

Key words: Li-containing anode, Li-alloy, High-capacity, High-specific energy, Lithium-ion battery

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