Preparation and Electrochemical Performance of Seaweed-based Heteroatom-containing Carbon Materials†

doi:10.7503/cjcu20180297

Abstract

Abstract:

Heteroatom-containing carbon materials SarCW-900 and LamCW-900 were prepared using two types of seaweeds as raw materials. The morphology, elemental composition, pore properties, graphitization degree and the activation mechanism of the carbon materials were discussed. The two carbon materials were used as electrode material in electrochemical capacitor and lithium-ion batteries, and the results of electrochemical measurements showed that the specific capacitance of SarCW-900 and LamCW-900 was 106 and 85 F/g, respectively. After 5000 voltammetry cycles, the specific capacitance was stabilized at 101 and 81 F/g, which decreased by only 4% or 5% respectively, indicating that SarCW-900 and LamCW-900 are ideal capacitor electrode materials. When they were used as lithium-ion battery electrode material, the specific capacity after 100 cycles was maintained at 100.3 and 33.9 mA·h/g for sarCW-900 and LamCW-900, respectively, lower than the theoretical value of pure graphite, but more stable.

Key words: Marine organism, Heteroatom-containing carbon material, Self-activation, Electrochemistry

CLC Number:

O613.71

TrendMD:

WANG Yun,BEN Teng. Preparation and Electrochemical Performance of Seaweed-based Heteroatom-containing Carbon Materials^†[J]. Chem. J. Chinese Universities, 2018, 39(12): 2627.

Figures/Tables 7

Fig.1 TGA curves of Sar(A), Lam(B) and FTIR spectra of Sar(a) and Lam(b)(C)

Fig.2 N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms of biomasses under different carbonation conditions(A) and pore size distribution of SarCW-900(B) and LamCW-900(C)a. SarCW-900; b. Phragmites australis activated by ZnCl2; c. LamCW-900; d. SarC-900; e. SarCA-900; f. LamC-900; g. LamCA-900; h. LamCW-950; i. SarCW-950; j. directly carbonized Phragmites australis; k. LamCW-850; l. SarCW-850; m. carbonized Citrus maxima(Burm) Merr.

Fig.3 SEM(A, B, E, F), and TEM(C, D, G, H) images and EDS(I, J) of Sar(A, B, C, D, I) and Lam(E, F, G, H, J) before and after pyrolysis(A, I) Sar; (B—D) SarCW-900; (E, J) Lam; (F—H) LamCW-900.

Fig.4 XRD patterns(A) and Raman spectra(B) of SarCW-900(a) and LamCW-900(b)

Fig.5 XPS spectra of SarCW-900(A) and LamCW-900(B)

Fig.6 Electrochemical measurement of SarCW-900(A—C), LamCW-900(E—G) and long-term cycle stability of SarCW-900(D) and LamCW-900(H) at scan rate of 0.1 V/s(A, E) Cyclic voltammetry curves at scan rate of 0.1, 0.05, 0.02, 0.01, 0.005, 0. 001 V/s; (B, F) galvano-static charge-discharge curves at current density of 1, 2, 5, 10, 20 A/g; (C, G) nyquist plots.

Fig.7 Charge/discharge behavior of SarCW-900(A—D) and LamCW-900(E—H)(A, E) Voltage profiles in the first cycle between 0.01 and 3.0 V at a current density of 0.1 C; (B, F) Voltage profiles in the 20th, 50th, 80th and 100th cycle at a current density of 0.1 C; (C, G) Cycling performance at a current density of 0.1 C for 100 cycles; (D, H) CV curves at a scaning rate of 0.2 mV/s for 5 cycles.

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