Chem. J. Chinese Universities ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (9): 2815.doi: 10.7503/cjcu20210137

• Organic Chemistry • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Synthesis and Properties of Energetic Plasticizer 2,2-Dinitropropyl Trifluoropropanoate

ZHAO Baodong1, LIU Yajing1, PAN Yongfei1, LIU Weixiao1, GAO Fulei1, WANG Yinglei1,2()   

  1. 1.Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute
    2.State Key Laboratory of Fluorine & Nitrogen Chemicals,Xi'an 710065,China
  • Received:2021-03-01 Online:2021-09-10 Published:2021-09-08
  • Contact: WANG Yinglei E-mail:wangyl204@163.com
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21875185)

Abstract:

With nitroethane as starting material, energetic plasticizer 2,2-dinitropropyl trifluoropropanoate(DNPTFP) was designed and synthesized via condensation reaction, oxidation reaction and esterification reaction. Its structure was characterized and confirmed by means of nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and elemental analysis. Optimization on the synthesis process of DNPTFP was conducted, and the optimal reaction conditions for the esterification reaction were determined as follows: taking toluene as reaction solvent, n(2,2-dinitropropan-1-ol)∶n(trifluoropropanoic acid)=1∶1.10, the addition of concentrated H2SO4 catalyst was 5.0%(mass fraction), the reaction temperature was 110 ℃, the reaction time was 10 h, and the yield and purity of DNPTFP was 75.2% and 99.0%, respectively. Thermal analysis determined that the glass transition temperature (Tg) was -80.5 ℃ and thermal decomposition peak temperature was 267.59 ℃. While mechanical sensitivities showed that the impact sensitivity was measured as H50=125.9 cm, the friction sensitivity was 0. Those results indicated that DNPTFP had good thermal properties as well as insensitive mechanical sensitivities. Besides, as miscibility test, viscosity and Tg measurements turned out, DNPTFP had good miscibility with glycide azide polymer(GAP), and demonstrated notable adjust ability on the viscosity and Tg of GAP. Moreover, along with higher mixing ratio of DNPTFP, lower fluidity activation energy and higher plasticizing efficiency was achieved. Therefore, DNPTFP exhibited excellent plasticizing effect on GAP, which indicating good potential application in GAP based explosives and propellant.

Key words: Energetic plasticizer, 2, 2-Dinitropropyl trifluoropropanoate, Esterification reaction, Glass transition temperature, Viscosity

CLC Number: 

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