高等学校化学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (1): 20250262.doi: 10.7503/cjcu20250262

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磷酸掺杂型高温质子交换膜的研究进展与改进策略

刘炳辉1,2, 赵成吉1()   

  1. 1.吉林大学化学学院,长春 130012
    2.长春工业大学化学与生命科学学院,长春 130012
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-15 出版日期:2026-01-10 发布日期:2025-11-21
  • 通讯作者: 赵成吉 E-mail:zhaochengji@jlu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(22579067)

Research Progress and Improvement Strategies of Phosphoric Acid-doped High-temperature Proton Exchange Membranes

LIU Binghui1,2, ZHAO Chengji1()   

  1. 1.College of Chemistry,Jilin University,Changchun 130012,China
    2.College of Chemistry and Life Sciences,Changchun University of Technology,Changchun 130012,China
  • Received:2025-09-15 Online:2026-01-10 Published:2025-11-21
  • Contact: ZHAO Chengji E-mail:zhaochengji@jlu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22579067)

摘要:

质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)具有能量转化效率高、 启动速度快及操作维护方便等突出优势. 在 120~250 ℃范围内运行的高温质子交换膜燃料电池(HT-PEMFC)无需依靠水进行质子传导, 可以有效简化水管理系统, 同时提升电极反应动力学并强化铂基电催化剂的抗中毒能力. 目前, 磷酸(PA)掺杂的聚苯并咪唑(PBI)膜是HT-PEMFC的首选隔膜材料, 但其面临着抗氧化稳定性不佳以及PA流失等关键挑战. 本文首先阐明了PA掺杂型高温质子交换膜(HT-PEM)的传输机制, 并基于近十年的研究进展对此类材料进行了系统分类; 然后, 重点剖析了HT-PEM面临的关键技术挑战及其应对策略, 并展望了未来的发展趋势.

关键词: 质子交换膜, 燃料电池, 抗氧化稳定性, 磷酸流失

Abstract:

Proton exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC) has outstanding advantages such as high energy conversion efficiency, fast start-up speed, easy operation and maintenance. In the temperature range of 120 to 250 ℃, the operation of high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells(HT-PEMFC) does not rely on the presence of water for proton conduction. This can effectively simplify the water management system, enhance the kinetics of electrode reactions, and strengthen the anti-poisoning ability of platinum-based electrocatalysts. At present, phosphoric acid(PA)-doped polybenzimidazole(PBI) membrane is the preferred membrane material in HT-PEMFC, but it faces key challenges, such as poor antioxidant stability and PA loss. In this review, the transport mechanism of PA-doped high-temperature proton exchange membranes(HT-PEM) is first clarified, and such materials are systematically classified based on the research progress in the past 10 years. Finally, the key technical challenges and coping strategies of HT-PEM are analyzed, and the future development trend is prospected.

Key words: Proton exchange membrane, Fuel cell, Antioxidant stability, Phosphoric acid loss

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