高等学校化学学报

高等学校化学学报

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汤心颐先生诞辰100周年纪念专辑---磷酸掺杂型高温质子交换膜的研究进展与改进策略

刘炳辉1,2，赵成吉1   

  1. 1. 吉林大学化学学院 2. 长春工业大学化学与生命科学学院

  • 收稿日期:2025-09-15 修回日期:2025-11-11 网络首发:2025-11-21 发布日期:2025-11-21
  • 通讯作者: 赵成吉 E-mail:zhaochengji@jlu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
     国家自然科学基金 (批准号：22579067)资助

Research Progress and Improvement Strategies of Phosphoric Acid-Doped High-Temperature Proton Exchange Membranes

LIU Binghui1,2, ZHAO Chengji1#br#   

  1. 1. College of Chemistry, Jilin University 2. College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Changchun University of Technology

  • Received:2025-09-15 Revised:2025-11-11 Online First:2025-11-21 Published:2025-11-21
  • Supported by:
    Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22579067)

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摘要： 质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)具有能量转化效率高、启动速度快及操作维护方便等突出优势.在120~250 ℃的温域内运行的高温质子交换膜燃料电池(HT-PEMFC)无需依靠水的存在进行质子传导，可以有效简化水管理系统，同时提升电极反应动力学并强化铂基电催化剂的抗中毒能力.目前，磷酸(PA)掺杂的聚苯并咪唑(PBI)膜是HT-PEMFC中的首选隔膜材料，但其面临着抗氧化稳定性不佳以及PA流失等重大问题.本文首先阐明了PA掺杂型高温质子交换膜(HT-PEM)的传输机制，并基于近10年研究进展对此类材料进行了系统分类.最后，重点剖析了HT-PEM面临的关键技术挑战及其应对策略，并展望了未来的发展趋势.

关键词: 磷酸, 质子交换膜, 燃料电池, 抗氧化稳定性, 磷酸流失

Abstract: Proton exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC) has outstanding advantages such as high energy conversion efficiency, fast start-up speed, easy operation and maintenance. In the temperature range of 120 to 250 ℃, the operation of high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells(HT-PEMFC) does not rely on the presence of water for proton conduction. This can effectively simplify the water management system, enhance the kinetics of electrode reactions, and strengthen the anti-poisoning ability of platinum-based electrocatalysts. At present, phosphoric acid(PA) doped polybenzimidazole(PBI) membrane is the preferred membrane material in HT-PEMFC, but it is faced with major problems such as poor antioxidant stability and PA loss. In this review, the transport mechanism of PA-doped high-temperature proton exchange membranes(HT-PEM) was first clarified, and such materials were systematically classified based on the research progress in the past 10 years. Finally, the key technical challenges and coping strategies of HT-PEM are analyzed, and the future development trend is prospected.

Key words: Phosphoric acid, Proton exchange membrane, Fuel cell, Antioxidant stability, Phosphoric acid loss

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