抗污染PVA/PVDF电纺纳米纤维复合超滤膜的制备及过滤性能

doi:10.7503/cjcu20160429

高等学校化学学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (12): 2306.doi: 10.7503/cjcu20160429

抗污染PVA/PVDF电纺纳米纤维复合超滤膜的制备及过滤性能

武凌辉^1,², 汪滨^1,², 王娇娜^1,², 李从举^1,^2,³()

1. 北京服装学院材料科学与工程学院,2. 服装材料研究开发与评价北京市重点实验室, 北京 100029
3. 中国科学院北京纳米能源与系统研究所, 北京 100083

收稿日期:2016-06-13 出版日期:2016-12-10 发布日期:2016-11-18
作者简介:联系人简介: 李从举, 男, 博士, 教授, 主要从事功能纳米技术与纤维及智能纺织品研究. E-mail:congjuli2014@126.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(批准号: 21274006, 51503005)、北京市科技北京百名领军人才工程(批准号: Z16111000490000)、北京市百千万人才工程(批准号: 110403000402)、北京市属高等学校高层次人才引进与培养计划项目-北京市长城学者培育计划项目(批准号: CIT&TCD20150306)、北京市属高校创新能力提升计划项目(批准号: TJSHG201310012021)、北京市教育委员会科技计划一般项目(批准号: SQKM20171001-2004)、北京服装学院创新团队与优秀人才选拔与培养计划项目(批准号: 2014AL-68)和北京市服装材料研究开发与评价重点实验室开放课题(批准号: 2015ZK-02)和北京服装学院校内重点项目(批准号: 2016A-03)资助

Preparation and Filtration Performance of Antifouling PVA/PVDF Composite Ultrafiltration Membrane Based on Electrospinning Technology^†

WU Linghui^1,², WANG Bin^1,², WANG Jiaona^1,², LI Congju^1,^2,^3,^*()

1. College of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, 2. Beijing Key Laboratory of Clothing Materials R&D and Assessment, Beijing 100029, China
3. Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China

Received:2016-06-13 Online:2016-12-10 Published:2016-11-18
Contact: LI Congju E-mail:congjuli2014@126.com
Supported by:
† Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21274006, 51503005), the Beijing Science and Technology Leading Talent Project, China(No.Z16111000490000), the Beijing Talents Project, China(No.110403000402), the Importation and Development of High-Caliber Talents Project of Beijing Municipal Institutions -the Beijing Great Wall Scholars Incubator Program, China(No.CIT&TCD20150306), the Beijing City Board of Education Upgrade Project, China(No.TJSHG201310012021), the General Program of Science and Technology Development Project of Beijing Municipal Education Commission of China(No.SQKM201710012004), the Project of Construction of Innovative Teams and Selection and Development of Excellent Talents for Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, China(No.2014AL-68), the Open Project Program of Beijing Key Laboratory(No.2015ZK-02) and the Key Research Project of Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, China(No.2016A-03)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以聚对苯二甲酸二醇酯(PET)无纺布为基底, 聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)纳米纤维为支撑层, 聚乙烯醇(PVA)纳米纤维膜为分离层, 采用静电纺丝法制备超滤膜, 并用水/丙酮混合溶液对复合纳米纤维膜表面进行溶液处理, 再加入戊二醛交联改性得到致密分离层. 采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和红外光谱(FTIR)表征了复合超滤膜的表面, 用水接触角(WCA)表征复合超滤膜的亲水性. 在0.02 MPa恒压下死端过滤油/水乳液, 测试复合超滤膜的过滤性能. 结果表明, 最优条件下制备的复合超滤膜死端过滤油/水乳液的通量为(42.50±4.78) L/(m²·h), 截留率达到(95.72±0.33)%; 循环使用5次后, 依然具有较好的过滤性能, 常压下死端过滤复合超滤膜的纯水通量为(3469±28) L/(m²·h).

关键词: 静电纺丝, 溶液处理, 超滤, 抗污染

Abstract:

A composite ultrafiltration membrane containning polyethylene terephthalate(PET) non-woven fabric substrate and poly(vinylidene fluoride)(PVDF) nanofibers as support layer, polyvinyl alcohol(PVA) nanofiber membrane for barrier layer was prepared using electrospinning method. A mixture of acetone and water solution was used for crosslinking treatment to form the dense barrier layer. The ultrafiltration membranes were characterized by Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron micrograph(SEM) and water contact angle(WCA). Filtration performance of the resulting PVA/PVDF composite ultrafiltration membranes was evaluated by the oil/water emulsions separation system. The results showed that the optimal composite ultrafiltration membrane possessed general flux[(42.50±4.78) L/(m²·h)] and high rejection rate[(95.72±0.33)%] at very low feeding pressure(0.02 MPa), after 5 times recycled, it still has good filter performance. The pure water flux using the dead-end filtrationof composite ultrafiltration membrane at atmospheric pressure was [(3469±28) L/(m²·h)].

Key words: Electrospinning, Solution treatment, Ultrafiltration, Antifouling

中图分类号:

TrendMD:

武凌辉, 汪滨, 王娇娜, 李从举. 抗污染PVA/PVDF电纺纳米纤维复合超滤膜的制备及过滤性能. 高等学校化学学报, 2016, 37(12): 2306.

WU Linghui, WANG Bin, WANG Jiaona, LI Congju. Preparation and Filtration Performance of Antifouling PVA/PVDF Composite Ultrafiltration Membrane Based on Electrospinning Technology^†. Chem. J. Chinese Universities, 2016, 37(12): 2306.

图/表 12

Scheme 1 Fabrication flow chart of the composite ultrafiltration membrane with PET non-woven fabric as substrate and PVDF nanofibers as middle layer and PVA nanofibers as the barrier layer

Scheme 2 Schematic diagram of dead-end filtration system

Fig.1 SEM images of electrospun nanofibers(A, C) and their diameter distribution(B, D)(A, B) PVDF nanofiber; (C, D) PVA nanofiber.

Fig.2 Rejection rate of oil/water emulsion filtered by the composite film with different PVDF electrospinning time at atmospheric pressure

Fig.3 SEM images of composite ultrafiltration membrane surface morphology with different PVA nanofibers electrospinning timeTime/h: (A) 1; (B) 2; (C) 3; (D) 4; (E) 5.

Fig.4 Surface morphology of composite ultrafiltration membrane at different crosslinked temperatures Temperature/℃: (A) 20; (B) 30; (C) 40; (D) 50 ; (E) 60.

Table 1 Massloss rates and swelling degrees of the composite ultrafiltration membranes under different crosslinking temperatures

Temperature/℃	20	30	40	50	60
m_L(%)	0.38	0	0.35	0.13	0.25
m_S(%)	80.08	70.82	74.35	73.15	69.59

Fig.5 FTIR spectra of crosslinked PVA(a) and non-crosslinked PVA(b)

Fig.6 Water contact angles of different nanofiber layers(A) PVDF layer; (B) PVA layer; (C) crosslinked PVA layer; (D) cross-section morphology of (C).

Fig.7 Separation of the dead-end filtration usingthe composite ultrafiltration membrane with different PVA electrospinning time(A) Change of the flux by filter oil/water emulsions; (B) change of the rejection rate by filter oil/water emulsions; (C) change of the flux by filter pure water. Time/h: a. 1; b. 2; c. 3; d. 4; e. 5.

Fig.8 Change of the flux and rejection rate over 5 cycles

Table 2 The loss rate(Rl) and flux recovery rate(Rr) of the composite ultrafiltration membrane after recycling

Number of recycle	1	2	3	4	5
R_l(%)		26.17	28.99	27.97	26.73
R_r(%)		73.83	71.01	72.03	73.27

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抗污染PVA/PVDF电纺纳米纤维复合超滤膜的制备及过滤性能

Preparation and Filtration Performance of Antifouling PVA/PVDF Composite Ultrafiltration Membrane Based on Electrospinning Technology^†

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抗污染PVA/PVDF电纺纳米纤维复合超滤膜的制备及过滤性能

Preparation and Filtration Performance of Antifouling PVA/PVDF Composite Ultrafiltration Membrane Based on Electrospinning Technology†

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Preparation and Filtration Performance of Antifouling PVA/PVDF Composite Ultrafiltration Membrane Based on Electrospinning Technology^†