高等学校化学学报 ›› 1999, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (5): 777.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

甲酰胺、乙酰胺、尿素在两种极性非水溶剂中的体积性质

白同春, 姚加, 韩世钧   

  1. 浙江大学化学系, 杭州 310027
  • 出版日期:1999-05-24 发布日期:1999-05-24
  • 通讯作者: 韩世钧
  • 作者简介:白同春,男,40岁,博士,副教授.
  • 基金资助:

    浙江省自然科学基金(批准号:296065)资助课题

Volumetric Properties of Formamide, Acetamide and Urea in Two Kinds of Polar Non aqueous Solvents

BAI Tong-Chun, YAO Jia, HAN Shi-Jun   

  1. Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027
  • Online:1999-05-24 Published:1999-05-24

摘要: 以尿素、甲酰胺和乙酰胺为溶质,二甲基甲酰胺和二甲基亚砜为溶剂;或以二甲基甲酰胺、二甲基亚砜为溶质,以甲酰胺为溶剂,通过测定溶液在298.15K下的密度数据,求得了溶质的表观摩尔体积以及与溶质-溶质相互作用相关的体积第二维里系数.利用定标粒子理论讨论了溶质分子的几何体积、溶质-溶剂相互作用对溶质偏摩尔体积的影响,结果表明,溶质的溶剂化与溶质-溶质相互作用的体积效应呈相反的变化趋势.

关键词: 表观摩尔体积, 定标粒子理论, 酰胺, 尿素, 非水溶剂

Abstract: Densities of solutions containing formamide, acetamide and urea in non aqueous polar solvents of N,N-dimethylformamide(DMF)and dimethylsulfoxide(DMSO), and solutions containing DMF and DMSO in formamide solvents were measured at 298.15 K. The apparent molar volume of solutes( V) and the volumetric second virial coefficients( v22) were evaluated. The cavity volumes of solute in solvents and the interaction volumes were calculated by using scaled particle theory. Anegative effect of solute solvent interaction on v22was observed.

Key words: Apparent molar volume, Scaled particle theory, Amides, Urea, Non-aqueous solvents

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