高等学校化学学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (10): 20220361.doi: 10.7503/cjcu20220361

• 物理化学 • 上一篇    下一篇

多孔碳基复合膜的真空冷冻干燥制备及高效太阳能水蒸发性能

许晓坚, 李博(), 林猛枭, 詹硕   

  1. 浙江工业大学理学院, 杭州 310023
  • 收稿日期:2022-05-20 出版日期:2022-10-10 发布日期:2022-07-28
  • 通讯作者: 李博 E-mail:libo@zjut.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    浙江省自然科学基金(LY14F040003)

Vacuum Freeze Drying to Prepare Porous Carbon Based Composite Membranes for Efficient Solar Steam Generation

XU Xiaojian, LI Bo(), LIN Mengxiao, ZHAN Shuo   

  1. College of Science,Zhejiang University of Technology,Hangzhou 310023,China
  • Received:2022-05-20 Online:2022-10-10 Published:2022-07-28
  • Contact: LI Bo E-mail:libo@zjut.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LY14F040003)

摘要:

以多壁碳纳米管(CNTs)和聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)为原料, 通过相转化法形成均匀共混的胶体, 利用真空冷冻干燥(冻干)技术使胶体固化, 并在真空状态下使部分溶剂挥发, 制备了具有多孔结构的CNTs/PVDF复合膜. 实验结果表明, 冻干CNTs/PVDF复合膜具有优异的光吸收能力、 极佳的表面亲水性能. 在1 kW/m2光照强度下, 其水蒸发速率可达1.95 kg·m-2·h-1、 光热转化效率为92.9%. 搭载了冻干CNTs/PVDF复合膜的蒸发器在处理模拟海水和染料废水时, 均表现出良好的抗盐污染性、 显著的稳定性和优异的太阳能蒸发性能.

关键词: 真空冷冻干燥, 太阳能水蒸发, 碳纳米管, 微孔结构, 热局域化

Abstract:

Multi walled carbon nanotubes(CNTs) and polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF) were used as raw materials to form a uniformly blended colloid by phase conversion method. The colloid was solidified by vacuum freeze drying technology, and some solvents volatilized in vacuum to prepare CNTs/PVDF composite membrane with porous structure. The experiments show that the freeze dried CNTs/PVDF composite membrane has excellent light absorption ability and surface hydrophilicity. Under the illumination intensity of 1 kW/m2, the water evaporation rate can reach 1.95 kg·m-2·h-1 and the photothermal conversion efficiency is 92.9%. At the same time, the evaporator equipped with freeze dried CNTs/PVDF composite membrane shows good salt pollution resistance, significant stability and excellent solar evaporation performance when treating simulated seawater and dye wastewater. These results show that freeze dried CNTs/PVDF composite membrane will have a wide application prospect in freshwater acquisition, sewage treatment and other fields in the future.

Key words: Vacuum freeze drying, Solar steam generation, Carbon nanotubes, Microporous structure, Thermal localization

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