高等学校化学学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (9): 2919.doi: 10.7503/cjcu20210225

• 物理化学 • 上一篇    下一篇

电子电镀铜新体系中添加剂对铜电沉积及镀层结构的影响机制

李威青, 金磊, 杨家强, 王赵云, 杨防祖(), 詹东平(), 田中群   

  1. 厦门大学化学化工学院, 固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室, 电化学技术教育部工程研究中心, 厦门 361005
  • 收稿日期:2021-04-06 出版日期:2021-09-10 发布日期:2021-09-08
  • 通讯作者: 杨防祖 E-mail:fzyang@xmu.edu.cn;dpzhan@xmu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:詹东平, 男, 博士, 教授, 主要从事电化学微纳加工制造和电子电镀等研究. E-mail: dpzhan@xmu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(21972118)

Effects of Additive on the Electrodeposition and Coating Structure in a Novel System of Electronic Copper Electroplating

LI Weiqing, JIN Lei, YANG Jiaqiang, Wang Zhaoyun, YANG Fangzu(), ZHAN Dongping(), TIAN Zhongqun   

  1. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces,Engineering Research Center of Electrochemical Technology,Ministry of Education,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,China
  • Received:2021-04-06 Online:2021-09-10 Published:2021-09-08
  • Contact: YANG Fangzu E-mail:fzyang@xmu.edu.cn;dpzhan@xmu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21972118)

摘要:

以低主盐浓度、 弱碱性、 复合配位的柠檬酸盐电子电镀铜新体系为研究对象, 阐明了新型添加剂XNS(聚胺类化合物和含氮化合物的混合物)在新电沉积铜体系中的作用. 恒电流沉积实验结果表明, 添加剂XNS能够提高铜沉积的电流效率, 特别是在2.0 A/dm2电流密度下, 添加剂XNS使铜沉积电流效率达到95.4%, 提高了17.5%. 电化学实验的结果表明, 添加剂XNS改变了铜沉积的电极过程, 由原来的两步单电子还原过程 [Cu(Ⅱ)+e→Cu(Ⅰ)+e→Cu]转变为一步两电子还原过程[Cu(Ⅱ)+2e→Cu]. 虽然添加剂XNS呈现促进铜电沉积的特征, 即还原电流增大, 但铜镀层颗粒却更细小、 更致密均匀. 在2.0 A/dm2电流密度下, 铜镀层晶体结构由无添加剂时的(111)晶面重构为高择优取向的(200)晶面.

关键词: 电子电镀铜, 添加剂, 复合配位体系, 弱碱性低浓度工艺, 晶面高择优取向

Abstract:

Electronic copper electroplating has important applications in the advanced electronic manufactu-ring industry. In this work, the effects of the additive XNS(a mixture of polyamine and nitrogen-containing compounds) on the coating structure in the novel, weakly alkaline and citrate-based multi-coordination system for copper electronic electroplating with low concentration of main salts(10 g/L copper sulfate) was investiga-ted. The constant current deposition experiments indicate that the additive XNS can increase the current efficiency of copper electrodeposition, which achieves 95.4% at a current density of 2.0 A/dm2 and increases by 17.5% comparing to the electroplating system without XNS. Electrochemical experiments prove that the additive XNS can change the cathodic reduction of Cu(Ⅱ) cations, i.e., in presence of XNS which is a one-step two-electron process[Cu(Ⅱ)+2e→Cu], and in absence of XNS which is a two-step one-electron processes [Cu(Ⅱ)+e→Cu(Ⅰ)+e→Cu], and improves the reduction current density of Cu electrodeposition. Although additive XNS can accelerate copper electrodeposition rate, the coating surface of Cu becomes much finer and neater. At the current density of 2.0 A/dm2, the crystal structure of copper coating is reconstructed from Cu(111) facet to Cu(200) facet, presenting highly preferred crystal orientation in the presence of XNS.

Key words: Electronic copper electroplating, Additive, Multi coordination, Weakly alkaline and low concentration process, Highly preferred crystal orientation

中图分类号: 

TrendMD: