高等学校化学学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (6): 2065.doi: 10.7503/cjcu20200627

• 高分子化学 • 上一篇    下一篇

熔融纺丝-拉伸法制备PVDF中空纤维膜及其油-水分离性能

高翼飞1, 肖长发2(), 冀大伟3, 黄阳正1   

  1. 1.天津工业大学材料科学与工程学院
    2.省部共建分离膜与膜过程国家重点实验室
    3.纺织科学与工程学院, 天津 300387
  • 收稿日期:2020-08-28 出版日期:2021-06-10 发布日期:2021-06-08
  • 通讯作者: 肖长发 E-mail:xiaochangfa@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(51673149)

Preparation of PVDF Hollow Fiber Membranes via Melt Spinning-stretching Method and Its Oil-water Separation Performance

GAO Yifei1, XIAO Changfa2(), JI Dawei3, HUANG Yangzheng1   

  1. 1.School of Material Science and Engineering
    2.State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes
    3.School of Textile Science and Engineering,Tiangong University,Tianjin 300387,China
  • Received:2020-08-28 Online:2021-06-10 Published:2021-06-08
  • Contact: XIAO Changfa E-mail:xiaochangfa@163.com
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51673149)

摘要:

以聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)为成膜聚合物, 聚全氟乙丙烯(FEP)为添加剂, 聚乙二醇(PEG)和氯化钙(CaCl2)为复合成孔剂, 采用熔融纺丝-拉伸法制备了PVDF中空纤维膜. 在制膜过程中未使用其它溶剂和稀释剂, 实现了制膜过程的相对绿色化. 分析和讨论了拉伸比对PVDF中空纤维膜结构与性能的影响, 测试了纤维膜的孔径分布、 力学性能和油-水分离性能等. 结果表明, 进行拉伸后处理的膜的孔径分布较窄, 在油包水乳液分离测试中, 分离效率均在97%以上, 表现出良好的油-水分离效果.

关键词: 聚偏氟乙烯, 熔融纺丝-拉伸法, 中空纤维膜, 油-水分离

Abstract:

Nowadays, green chemistry is attracting more and more attention. In this paper, polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF) hollow fiber membranes were prepared by environment-friendly melt spinning-stretching method without any solvent and diluent involved in membrane preparation process. In particular, we selected perfluoroethylene propylene(FEP) as the dispersed phase and water-soluble polyethylene glycol(PEG) and calcium chloride(CaCl2) as the pore-forming agents. The influences of stretching ratio on the structure and properties of PVDF hollow fiber membranes were studied in detail based on pore size distribution, mechanical properties and water-in-oil emulsion separation performance. The results show that the dispersed phase and pore-forming agents can be uniformly dispersed in the matrix phase, and the the pore size distributions are relatively narrow. With the increase of the stretching ratio, the mean pore sizes and porosities of the membranes also increase. Meanwhile, the hydrophobility of the membranes decreases, but the water contact angles are all above 100°. The M-3 membrane shows a good mechanical property and separation effect for water-in-oil emulsion, of which the tensile strength can be up to 19.3 MPa and the separation effects are all higher than 97% at 0.02 MPa after five cycles. The results demonstrate that the membrane is potentially applicable in oil-water separation process.

Key words: Polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF), Melt spinning-stretching method, Hollow fiber membrane, Oil-water separation

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