高等学校化学学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (4): 1061.doi: 10.7503/cjcu20200621
崔迎涛1, 王顺1, 李伟1, 崔淑敏1, 黄艳杰1, 李赫1, 段虎1, 宋美荣1,2,3(), 董智超3, 王毅琳2, 江雷3
收稿日期:
2020-08-24
出版日期:
2021-04-10
发布日期:
2020-12-21
通讯作者:
宋美荣
E-mail:smr770505@iccas.ac.cn
基金资助:
CUI Yingtao1, WANG Shun1, LI Wei1, CUI Shumin1, HUANG Yanjie1, LI He1, DUAN Hu1, SONG Meirong1,2,3(), DONG Zhichao3, WANG Yilin2, JIANG Lei3
Received:
2020-08-24
Online:
2021-04-10
Published:
2020-12-21
Contact:
SONG Meirong
E-mail:smr770505@iccas.ac.cn
摘要:
自然界中有很多超疏水植物叶片, 水滴撞击在这些表面时极易产生溅射和反弹, 造成农用化学品喷雾施药时药物的大量损失, 利用率低下, 从而重复喷洒施药. 农用化学品过度使用将造成食品安全、 农药残留、 水资源浪费及环境生态污染等问题. 因此, 增加水滴在超疏水植物叶片表面的沉积效率对提高农药利用率尤为重要. 本文从分析水滴在超疏水表面的撞击动力学特征开始, 结合添加助剂后液滴的物理化学性质, 系统阐述了水滴在超疏水植物叶片上的沉积方法和机理, 并提出筛选助剂和研究机理不仅要考虑助剂性质还要结合基底结构、 撞击动力学特征等因素, 而且还要考虑单水滴尺寸大小、 基底运动和弹性及环境因素等对沉积的影响. 本文对农药喷洒及生物医学、 机械工程、 涂料喷涂和油墨打印等领域均有指导意义和应用价值.
中图分类号:
TrendMD:
崔迎涛, 王顺, 李伟, 崔淑敏, 黄艳杰, 李赫, 段虎, 宋美荣, 董智超, 王毅琳, 江雷. 水滴在超疏水植物叶片上的沉积方法和机理研究进展. 高等学校化学学报, 2021, 42(4): 1061.
CUI Yingtao, WANG Shun, LI Wei, CUI Shumin, HUANG Yanjie, LI He, DUAN Hu, SONG Meirong, DONG Zhichao, WANG Yilin, JIANG Lei. Research Progress in Droplet Deposition on Superhydrophobic Plant Leaves. Chem. J. Chinese Universities, 2021, 42(4): 1061.
Fig.2 Scheme of impact dynamics on different isotropic superhydrophobic surfaces(I) On rigid superhydrophobic surface; (II) on special cone superhydrophobic surface[30]; Copyright 2014, Springer Nature; (III) on elastic superhydrophobic surface. (A) Before impact; (B) spreading states; (C) bouncing states with retraction or without retraction.
Fig.3 Anisotropic impact dynamics and reduced contact time of water droplets on wired and curved superhydrophobic surfaces(A) Isotropic impacts with flat superhydrophobic surfaces. (B) Anisotropic impacts with single?wired superhydrophobic surfacereduces the contact time by 37%[25]; Copyright 2013, Springer Nature. (C) Anisotropic impacts with parallel?wired superhydrophobic rice surfaces reduce the contact time by ca. 50%[28]; Copyright 2017, Springer Nature. (D) Anisotropic impacts with curved superhydrophobic surfacesreduce the contact time by 30%—40%[27]; Copyright 2015, Springer Nature.
Fig.4 Enhancing deposition via defect manufacturing method[36]Deposition doesn’t occur when two positively charged water droplets impact same position on superhydrophobic surface(A), when two negatively charged water droplets impact same position on superhydrophobic surface(B), and when the positively charged and the negatively charged polymer aqueous solutions are mixed(C). In contrast, deposition occurs when the negatively charged water droplets and the positively charged water droplets collide at same position on superhydrophobic surface(D, E). The left column: schematics of the five possible scenarios. The middle columns: snapshots of individual drop impacts for each of the previous scenarios. The rightmost column: SEM images of the surface after the impacts. Scale bar, 2 mm(snapshots); scale bar, 2 mm(SEM).Copyright 2016, Springer Nature.
Fig.5 Deposition comparisons of surfactant?containing droplets impacting the superhydrophobic cabbage leaves[1](A—D) The photograph(A), SEM images(B), water contact angle(C) and sliding angle(D) of cabbage, respectively, showing micro?nano structure and superhydrophobic property. (E—H) The snapshots of impact outcomes of water droplet(E) and surfactant droplets containing 1% sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS)(F), trisiloxane(TS)(G) and AOT(H), respectively. The results show that AOT can effectively suppress the splashing behavior of water droplet impact on superhydrophobic cabbage leaves, while other surfactants cannot.Copyright 2017, American Association for the Advancement of Science.
Fig.6 Schematic illustration for splash inhibition on superhydrophobic surface by surfactant additives[1](A) The receding splash process of impacting water drop on superhydrophobic surface; (B) part receding splash for impacting droplet containing surfactants in micelle region; (C) receding splash is nearly completely inhibited AOT in vesicle region.Copyright 2017, American Association for the Advancement of Science.
Fig.7 Enhancing deposition on a superhydrophobic surface with a uniform spreading film by surfactant dodecyl sulfate triamine (mass fraction 0.9%)[71](A) Water droplet splashes on the superhydrophobic surface; (B) droplet containing dodecyl triamine sulfate retains on the superhydrophobic surface with a uniform spreading film after impact; (C) with the increasement of SDS concentration, the shear viscosity of the surfactant solution rises while the micelle length doesn’t change; (D) with the increasement of SDS concentration, the dynamic surface tension(DST) of the surfactant solution decreases; (E) schematic images of SDS, triamine, wormlike micelles, and the superhydrophobic surfaces with micro/nanostructures; (F) surfactant molecules diffuse quickly to the newly formed interface and pack closely at the water?air interface; wormlike micelles are forced to extend and stretch to immobilize water; the spreading periphery is stable and uniform during the fast spreading process and wormlike micelle networks entangle with the micro/nanostructures of the substrate; (G) in the final equilibrium state, dense wormlike micelles exist in the spreading periphery and entangle with the micro/nanostructures.Copyright 2019, Wiley?VCH.
Fig.8 Reducing anisotropic impact loss by 0.005% PEO+0.1% AOT binary additives using impact on a single?wired superhydrophobic surface as a model[2](Ⅰ) The photograph(A), side image(B), SEM image(C) and water contact angle image(D) of the back side single wired rice leave; comparisons of droplet impacts including water(E), 0.1% AOT(F), 0.005% PEO(G), 0.005% PEO+0.1% AOT(H) showing the binary additives can effectively enhance deposition on the single?wired superhydrophobic surface. (Ⅱ) Scheme of deposition mechanism; (A) before contact with a superhydrophobic leaf with a vein; (B) droplets are sheared by the vein upon impact; during the extending process upon impact, water or surfactant droplets break up and the child droplets fly away from the surface due to inertial forces(C1—C2), a filament of a droplet with elongated polymer chain connects two would?be?separated child droplets and delays the break?up(D1—D2); notably, the binary additives continue to resist and delay the shearing and extending processes(E1—E2), finally allow the droplet to spread over the surface.Copyright 2019, American Chemical Society.
Fig.9 Enhancing deposition on wired and curved superhydrophobic leaves as well as on a flexible superhydrophobic surface[2](Ⅰ) Enhancing deposition on wired and curved superhydrophobic leaves as well as on a flat superhydrophobic leaf surface. The first column: photographs, contact angles(inset Figures), ESEM images and time?lapse photographs of the water(top) and binary additive(0.005% PEO+0.1% AOT) (bottom) droplets impacting rice(A), cauliflower(B), chive(C) and cabbage(D). The binary additive droplets not only fully inhibited splashing and remained on the leaves in all cases but also eventually spread to larger wetting areas on these superhydrophobic surfaces. (Ⅱ) Droplet impact on a flexible superhydrophobic surface. (A, B) The substrates setup. LDPE films were placed on rigid glass substrates and both ends were fixed. (C, D) Water droplet impacting rigid and flexible superhydrophobic substrates, respectively. The results show that the impact with flexible LDPE reduced the contact time by 60%, decreased the maximum spreading diameter and resisted impalement compared with the impact on rigid superhydrophobic surface. (E, F) The binary additive droplets impacting flexible superhydrophobic surfaces. These results show that the binary additive droplets successfully enhanced the deposition on flexible superhydrophobic surfaces even when we reduced the content of PEO.Copyright 2019, American Chemical Society.
Fig.10 Enhancing deposition on a leaf via hanger?hat effect[87]Pesticide?loaded “hat”?shaped Janus carriers (HJCs); leaf micro/nanostructures; nanospheres; pesticide; bottom (A, B) SEM images of pesticide?loaded HJCs; (C, D) the hanger?hat phenomenon on leaf with micro/nanostructures. Scale bars are 2 μm(A), 500 nm(B), and 1 μm(C, D).Copyright 2019, American Chemical Society.
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