温度对碳球形貌及超级电容性能的影响

doi:10.7503/cjcu20180474

高等学校化学学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (1): 18.doi: 10.7503/cjcu20180474

温度对碳球形貌及超级电容性能的影响

刘浩¹, 赵丁选²(), 巩国栋³, 张祝新², 贾拓¹, 陈瀚喆¹

1. 吉林大学机械与航空航天工程学院, 长春 130025
2. 燕山大学机械工程学院, 秦皇岛 066004
3. 吉林大学物理学院, 长春 130012

收稿日期:2018-06-29 出版日期:2019-01-10 发布日期:2018-12-18
作者简介:
联系人简介: 赵丁选, 男, 博士, 教授, 博士生导师, 主要从事混合动力工程机械方面的研究. E-mail: zdx-yw@ysu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家“八六三”计划项目(批准号: 2009AA044403)资助.

Effect of Temperature on Morphology and Supercapacitor Performance of Carbon Nano-spheres^†

LIU Hao¹, ZHAO Dingxuan^2,^*(), GONG Guodong³, ZHANG Zhuxin², JIA Tuo¹, CHEN Hanzhe¹

1. School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China
2. School of Mechanical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
3. Collage of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China

Received:2018-06-29 Online:2019-01-10 Published:2018-12-18
Contact: ZHAO Dingxuan E-mail:zdx-yw@ysu.edu.cn
Supported by:
† Supported by the National High-Tech Research Development Plan, China(No.2009AA044403)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以三氯乙烷和二氯乙烷为原料, 金属钠为还原剂, 在溶剂热条件(100~150 ℃)下使氯代乙烷中的碳氯键和碳氢键发生断裂制备了碳纳米球, 并对制备的碳纳米球进行了表征. X射线衍射结果表明, 样品为类石墨结构, 衍射信号宽且弱, 表明样品的结晶性较差; 拉曼光谱分析结果也表明样品具有较高的无序度. 样品的SEM与TEM分析结果表明, 在较高的反应温度下, 碳球具有更好的单分散性, 碳球的粒径随温度的升高而增大; 选区电子衍射结果表明碳球内部为无定形的类石墨结构. 以碳纳米球为负极材料的锂离子电池测试结果表明, 50周循环后比容量为941 mA·h/g, 库仑效率接近100%, 放电容量保持率为103.7%, 具有良好的循环稳定性. 测试了不同温度下制备样品的超级电容器性能, 发现120 ℃下制备的碳纳米球具有较高的比电容和较低的内阻值, 比电容高达130 F/g, 经过1000周循环充放电后比电容衰减比例低于14%, 具有较高的稳定性.

关键词: 溶剂热法, 碳纳米球, 单分散性, 超级电容器

Abstract:

Abstract Sodium was used as reductant to break the C—Cl bond and C—H bond in the solvent, trichloroethane(C₂H₃Cl₃) and dichloroethane(C₂H₄Cl₂), under solvothermal condition(100—150 ℃) to prepare carbon nano-spheres(CNSs). The X-ray diffraction pattern shows that the sample has a graphite-like structure. The diffraction signal of the sample is wide and weak, indicating that the sample has a poor crystallinity and an amorphous structure. The Raman spectra shows that the sample has a relative high degree of disorder. The results of SEM and TEM show that the CNSs have better monodispersion at higher reaction temperatures. The particle size of the CNSs increases with increasing temperature, and the results of electron diffraction in the selected area indicate that the CNSs are internally amorphous graphite structure. The results of the lithium-ion battery test using the CNSs as the negative electrode material show that the specific capacity after 50 cycles is 941 mA·h/g, and the Coulomb efficiency is close to 100%, the discharge capacity retention rate is 103.7%, indicating that the CNSs have good cycle stability. The performance of CNSs prepared at different temperatures as supercapacitor material was tested. The CNSs prepared under 120 ℃ show higher specific capacitance and lower internal resistance. The specific capacitance is up to 130 F/g. The attenuation of specific capacitance is less than 14% after 1000 cycles, which shows higher stability.

Key words: Solvothermal method, Carbon nano-sphere, Monodispersity, Supercapacitor

中图分类号:

O613.7

TrendMD:

刘浩, 赵丁选, 巩国栋, 张祝新, 贾拓, 陈瀚喆. 温度对碳球形貌及超级电容性能的影响. 高等学校化学学报, 2019, 40(1): 18.

LIU Hao,ZHAO Dingxuan,GONG Guodong,ZHANG Zhuxin,JIA Tuo,CHEN Hanzhe. Effect of Temperature on Morphology and Supercapacitor Performance of Carbon Nano-spheres^†. Chem. J. Chinese Universities, 2019, 40(1): 18.

图/表 12

Fig.1 SEM images of CNSsReaction temperature/℃: (A) 100; (B) 120; (C) 140.

Fig.2 TEM images of CNSsReaction temperature/℃: (A) 100; (B) 120; (C) 140. Insets are SAED images of CNSs.

Fig.3 XRD pattern of CNSs prepared at 100 ℃

Fig.4 Raman spectra of CNSs prepared at 100 ℃

Fig.5 Cycling properties of carbon nanospheres prepared at 100 ℃

Fig.6 Comparison of internal resistance of super capacitance with CNSs prepared at different temperatures

Fig.7 Comparison of specific capacitance of super capacitance with CNSs prepared at different temperatures

Fig.8 Comparison of cyclic voltammetry curves of supercapacitor with CNSs prepared at different temperatures

Fig.9 Comparison diagram of capacitance attenuation of charge/discharge ratio during 1000 cycles

Fig.10 Resistance change during 1000 cycles

Fig.11 Capacitance with different charge/discharge current

Fig.12 N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm(A), microporous distribution(B) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(C) of carbon nano-spheres prepared at 120 ℃

参考文献 18

[1]	Yamada Y., Imamura T., Kakiyama H., Honda H., Oi S., Fukuda K., Carbon,1974, 12(3), 307—319
[2]	Wang H., Abe T., Maruyama S., Iriyama Y., Ogumi Z., Yoshikawa K., Advanced Materials,2010, 17(23), 2857—2860
[3]	Han F. D., Yao B., Bai Y. J., Journal of Physical Chemistry C,2011, 115(18), 8923—8927
[4]	Liu M. X., Qian J. S., Zhao Y. H., Zhu D. Z., Gan L. H., Chen L. W., Journal of Materials Chemistry A,2015, 3(21), 11517—11526
[5]	Miao L., Zhu D. Z., Liu M. X., Duan H., Wang Z. W., Lv Y. K., Xiong W., Zhu Q. J., Li L. C., Chai X. L., Gan L. H., Chemical Engineering Journal,2018, 347, 233—242
[6]	Miao L., Zhu D. Z., Liu M. X., Duan H., Wang Z. W., Lv Y. K., Xiong W., Zhu Q. J., Li L. C., Chai X. L., Gan L. H., Electro-chimica Acta,2018, 274, 378—388
[7]	Song Z. Y., Zhu D. Z., Xue D. F., Yan J. J., Chai X. L., Xiong W., Wang Z. W., Lv Y. K., Cao T. C., Liu M. X., Gan L. H., ACS Applied Energy Materials,2018, 1, 4293—4303
[8]	Zhu D. Z., Jiang J. X., Sun D. M., Qian X. Y., Wang Y. W., Li L. C., Wang Z. W., Chai X. L., Gan L. H., Liu M. X., Journal of Materials Chemistry A,2018, 6(26), 12334—12343
[9]	Wang Q., Li H., Chen L. Q., Huang X. J., Carbon,2001, 39(14), 2211—2214
[10]	Hu G., Ma D., Cheng M., Liu L., Bao X., Chemical Communications,2002, 8(17), 1948—1949
[11]	Lee K. T., Jung Y. S., Oh S. M., Journal of the American Chemical Society,2003, 125(19), 5652—5653
[12]	Mi Y. Z., Liu Y. L., Yuan D. S., Zhang J. X., Chemistry Letters,2005, 34(6), 846—847
[13]	Yao J. F., Wang H. T., Liu J., Chan K. Y., Zhang L. X., Xu N. P., Carbon,2005, 43(8), 1709—1715
[14]	Ferrari A. C., Robertson J., Physical Review B:Condensed Matter,2000, 61(20), 14095—14107
[15]	Casiraghi C., Ferrari A. C., Robertson J.,Physical Review B: Condensed Matter,2005, 72(8), 85401
[16]	Deng X. L., Wei Z. X., Cui C. Y., Liu Q. H., Wang C. Y., Ma J. M., Journal of Materials Chemistry A,2018, 6(9), 4013—4022
[17]	Liang J. J., Yuan C. C., Li H. H., Fan K., Wei Z. X., Sun H. Q., Ma J. M., Nano-Micro Letters,2018, 10(2), 21—29
[18]	Su Z., Wei Z. X., Lai C., Deng H. Q., Liu Z. X., Ma J. M., Energy Storage Materials,2018, 14, 129—135

温度对碳球形貌及超级电容性能的影响

Effect of Temperature on Morphology and Supercapacitor Performance of Carbon Nano-spheres^†

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 12

参考文献 18

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	侯从聪, 王惠颖, 李婷婷, 张志明, 常春蕊, 安立宝. N-CNTs/NiCo-LDH复合材料的制备及电化学性能[J]. 高等学校化学学报, 2022, 43(10): 20220351.
[2]	魏雨晨, 武婷婷, 杨磊, 金碧玉, 李宏强, 何孝军. 萘基相互连接的多孔碳纳米囊的制备及超电容性能[J]. 高等学校化学学报, 2021, 42(9): 2852.
[3]	黄东雪, 章颖, 曾婷, 张媛媛, 万其进, 杨年俊. 基于过渡金属硫化物/还原氧化石墨烯复合物的高性能超级电容器[J]. 高等学校化学学报, 2021, 42(2): 643.
[4]	沙卉雯, 马维廷, 周晓娟, 宋卫星. 激光诱导三维网状石墨烯的一步法制备及应用[J]. 高等学校化学学报, 2021, 42(2): 607.
[5]	陈明华, 李宏武, 范鹤, 李誉, 刘威铎, 夏新辉, 陈庆国. 二维过渡金属硫族化合物在超级电容器中的研究进展[J]. 高等学校化学学报, 2021, 42(2): 539.
[6]	张卫国, 范松华, 王宏智, 姚素薇. α-Fe₂O₃/石墨烯水凝胶复合材料的自组装制备及电化学性能[J]. 高等学校化学学报, 2020, 41(8): 1850.
[7]	关芳兰,李昕,张群,龚,林紫钰,陈耀,王乐军. 激光直写微型RGO/MWCNT/CF平面柔性超级电容器的制备及性能[J]. 高等学校化学学报, 2020, 41(2): 300.
[8]	李勃天,邵伟,肖达,周雪,董俊伟,唐黎明. 聚吡咯纳米线凝胶的模板制备及储能与电化学传感性能[J]. 高等学校化学学报, 2020, 41(1): 183.
[9]	刘奔, 张行颖, 陈韶云, 胡成龙. 一维有序聚苯胺纳米阵列的制备及电化学储能性能[J]. 高等学校化学学报, 2019, 40(3): 498.
[10]	李龙, 胡红利, 丁书江. 鳞状CoMn₂O₄/石墨烯复合材料的制备及在超级电容器中的应用[J]. 高等学校化学学报, 2018, 39(9): 2010.
[11]	乜广弟, 朱云, 田地, 王策. 静电纺丝纳米纤维基超级电容器电极材料的研究进展[J]. 高等学校化学学报, 2018, 39(7): 1349.
[12]	刘艳华, 金璐, 薛北辰, 郭玉鹏. 沥青改性稻壳基活性炭的制备及电化学性能[J]. 高等学校化学学报, 2018, 39(6): 1242.
[13]	王丰梅, 徐光伟, 金成昌. 掺铋α-MnO₂纳米棒的合成及超电容性能[J]. 高等学校化学学报, 2018, 39(3): 530.
[14]	张保海, 罗民, 杨顺, 付蓉蓉, 马金福. 用金属生物大分子配合物前驱体制备多孔碳球及其电化学性能[J]. 高等学校化学学报, 2018, 39(2): 310.
[15]	冯东阳, 郭迪, 刘晓霞. 碳布功能化处理及纳米二氧化锰的电化学沉积[J]. 高等学校化学学报, 2018, 39(10): 2280.

温度对碳球形貌及超级电容性能的影响

Effect of Temperature on Morphology and Supercapacitor Performance of Carbon Nano-spheres†

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 12

参考文献 18

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

Effect of Temperature on Morphology and Supercapacitor Performance of Carbon Nano-spheres^†