纳米储能纤维复合过滤膜的制备及性能

doi:10.7503/cjcu20140619

高等学校化学学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (12): 2713.doi: 10.7503/cjcu20140619

纳米储能纤维复合过滤膜的制备及性能

王海霞¹, 刘明巧¹, 崔建平¹, 石海峰¹(), 齐鲁¹, 王笃金²

1. 天津工业大学材料科学与工程学院, 功能纤维研究所,中空纤维膜材料与膜过程国家重点实验室, 天津 300387
2. 中国科学院化学研究所, 中国科学院工程塑料重点实验室,北京分子科学国家实验室, 北京 100190

收稿日期:2014-07-04 出版日期:2014-12-10 发布日期:2014-11-29
作者简介:联系人简介: 石海峰, 男, 博士, 教授, 主要从事高分子材料研究. E-mail:hfshi@iccas.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(批准号: 21404080)、教育部新世纪优秀人才(批准号: NECT-13-0928)、北京分子科学国家实验室开放课题(批准号: BNLMS-2013016)和国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(批准号: 201410058065)资助

Preparation and Properties of Composite Filtration Membranes Containing Energy-storage Nanofibers^†

WANG Haixia¹, LIU Minqiao¹, CUI Jianping¹, SHI Haifeng^1,^*(), Qi Lu¹, WANG Dujin²

1.State Key Lab of Hollow Fiber Membrane Materials and Processes, Institute of Functional Fiber,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, China
2. Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics,Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China

Received:2014-07-04 Online:2014-12-10 Published:2014-11-29
Contact: SHI Haifeng E-mail:hfshi@iccas.ac.cn
Supported by:
† Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21404080), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University, China(No.NECT-13-0928), the Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, China(No.BNLMS-2013016) and the National Students Innovative Entrepreneurship Training Project, China(No.201410058065)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以静电纺丝技术制备的同轴聚甲基丙烯酸十八烷基酯(PSMA)/聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)纳米储能纤维为支撑层, 经聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)涂覆成膜和溶剂化处理, 制备了一种低压高水通量的纳米储能纤维复合过滤膜(NFCM), 其中以水或乙醇为凝固溶液的复合过滤膜分别记为NFCM@H₂O或NFCM@EtOH. 分析并讨论了不同溶剂处理方式对NFCM力学性能和表面形貌的影响, 表征了膜的纯水通量和抗污性能, 用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察了膜的横断面形貌. 结果表明, PSMA/PET纳米储能纤维具有明显的吸放热行为, 熔融温度和热焓值分别为36.5 ℃和10.7 J/g, NFCM的熔融温度和热焓值分别为36 ℃和2.7 J/g. NFCM的形貌结构、纯水通量和截留率与溶剂处理方式相关, NFCM@EtOH膜的水通量介于100~1400 L/(m²·h)之间, 而NFCM@H₂O膜的水通量仅在40~220 L/(m²·h)之间. NFCM的拉伸强度由初始0.925 MPa(PVDF)提高到4.28 MPa以上. NFCM中的相变材料对膜过滤性能有重要影响, 并在过滤温度低于50 ℃时具有减缓作用.

关键词: 纳米储能纤维, 静电纺丝, 水通量, 聚偏氟乙烯, 复合膜

Abstract:

Two type of composite membranes(NFCM) containing poly(stearyl methacrylate)(PSMA)/poly(ethylene terephthalate)(PET) nanofiber supporting layer, prepared by coaxial electrospinning technology, and poly(vinylidene fluoride)(PVDF) substrate, were prepared using water or ethanol as the coagulation solution. NFCM has the low pressure and high water flux against the bulk PVDF membrane at the same condition. The morphological structure, the pure water flux and the rejection of NFCM show the strong dependence upon the solvent-treated process. The water flux of NFCM@EtOH is in the range from 100 to 1400 L/(m²·h); while for NFCM@H₂O, its water flux only is between 40 and 220 L/(m²·h), indicating that EtOH shows the greatly influence on the surface porosity of membrane. The tensile strength of membrane changes from 0.925 MPa of the original PVDF to 4.28 MPa of NFCM, demonstrating that the incorporated nanofibers can effectively improve the mechanical property of PVDF membrane. Obvious thermal behaviour and the temperature buffering ability appear in NFCM, and it exhibits an active response when temperature is below 50 ℃. The slowdown amplitude of water flux with temperature is observed in NFCM as compared with the control. The prepared NFCM containing PSMA/PET nanofiber as the supporting layer provides a way to obtain the high-performance composite membrane with the high water flux.

Key words: Energy-storage nanofiber, Electrospinning, Water flux, Poly(vinylidene fluoride), Composite membrane

中图分类号:

O631

TrendMD:

王海霞, 刘明巧, 崔建平, 石海峰, 齐鲁, 王笃金. 纳米储能纤维复合过滤膜的制备及性能. 高等学校化学学报, 2014, 35(12): 2713.

WANG Haixia, LIU Minqiao, CUI Jianping, SHI Haifeng, Qi Lu, WANG Dujin. Preparation and Properties of Composite Filtration Membranes Containing Energy-storage Nanofibers^†. Chem. J. Chinese Universities, 2014, 35(12): 2713.

图/表 8

Fig.1 SEM image(A) of PSMA/PET coaxial nanofibers and DSC heating(a, b) and cooling(c, d) results(B) of PSMA bulk(a, c) and PSMA/PET coaxial nanofibers(b, d) Insert of (A): TEM image of PSMA/PET coaxial nanofibers.

Fig.2 SEM images of NFCM with H2O(A1, B1) and EtOH(A2, B2) as coagulation solution, respectively (A1, A2) Top surface; (B1, B2) bottom surface; (C1, C2) cross section of NFCM. Insets of (C1) and (C2): the enlarged parts of the marked black circle lines.

Fig.3 Relationship of water flux of NFCM@EtOH(a) and NFCM@H2O(b) with the thickness of nanofibers

Fig.4 Relationship of rejection of BSA as a function of water flux of NFCM@EtOH

Fig.5 DSC heating and cooling curves of NFCM and PVDF membranes

Fig.6 Compared relationship of water flux in PSMA/PET and PET nanofiber-based membrane coagulated by EtOH as a function of temperature a. PET nanofber@50 μm; b. PSMA/PET nanofber@44 μm; c. PSMA/PET nanofber@70 μm; d. PSMA/PET nanofber@161 μm; e. PSMA/PET nanofber@205 μm.

Fig.7 Contact angles(CA) of PVDF@H2O(A), PVDF@EtOH(B), NFCM@H2O(C) and NFCM@EtOH(D)

Fig.8 Typical stress-strain curves of NFCM at the different coagulation solution with the controlled membrane thickness a. NFCM@H2O-77 μm; b. NFCM@H2O-99 μm;c. NFCM@H2O-143 μm; d. NFCM@H2O-151 μm.

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纳米储能纤维复合过滤膜的制备及性能

Preparation and Properties of Composite Filtration Membranes Containing Energy-storage Nanofibers^†

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纳米储能纤维复合过滤膜的制备及性能

Preparation and Properties of Composite Filtration Membranes Containing Energy-storage Nanofibers†

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Preparation and Properties of Composite Filtration Membranes Containing Energy-storage Nanofibers^†