Polypyrrole Nanowire Gels Based on Templating Fabrication and Their Energy Storage and Electrochemical Sensing Properties †

doi:10.7503/cjcu20190266

Abstract

Abstract:

Conducting polymer gels possess both gel-network structure and organic semiconductor properties, thus exhibit high energy density, excellent charge-discharge stability, and good flexibility, etc. They are considered as ideal materials for producing flexible electrodes, however the traditional fabrication of conducting polymer gels often introduced non-conducting chemical crosslinkers, limiting the electrical conductivity. In this work, a coordination polymer gel was employed as template to produce uniform network of polypyrrole nanowires, and after polymerization the template could be easily removed thereby improving the performance of the polypyrrole gel. The results showed that the polypyrrole gel fabricated by template method had a three-dimensional network structure composed of uniform nanowires, having good mechanical properties, large specific surface area, and excellent electrochemical properties. At a current density of 0.28 A/g, the specific capacitance could reach 450 F/g, meanwhile the the specific capacitance could be maintained at 88.6% after 1000 times charge-discharge cycles at a current density of 2.8 A/g. The polypyrrole nanowire network gels were loaded with glucose oxidase to give a flexible sensor, which had rapid responsiveness to glucose at low concentration(0.2 mmol/L), therefore they were expected to have application in supercapacitors, electrochemical sensors and so on.

Key words: Polypyrrole nanowires, Gel, Templating fabrication, Supercapacitor, Electrochemical sensor

CLC Number:

O631

TrendMD:

LI Botian,SHAO Wei,XIAO Da,ZHOU Xue,DONG Junwei,TANG Liming. Polypyrrole Nanowire Gels Based on Templating Fabrication and Their Energy Storage and Electrochemical Sensing Properties ^†[J]. Chem. J. Chinese Universities, 2020, 41(1): 183.

Figures/Tables 9

Scheme 1 Synthesis route of polypyrrole nanowire gel based on templating fabrication(A) and molecular structure of ligand L(B)

Fig.1 SEM images of Ag-L(A), APS-PPy(B) and FN-PPy(C)

Fig.2 Storage modulus(G', a, c, e) and loss modulus(G″, b, d, f) of APS-PPy(a, b), FN-PPy(c, d) and Ag-L(e, f) at different frequency(strain=0.1%, A) and at different strain(f=1 Hz, B)

Fig.3 N2 adsorption(a)/desorption(b) isotherms(A, C) and pore size distributions(B, D) of APS-PPy(A, B) and FN-PPy(C, D)

Fig.4 Impedance curve(A), the cyclic voltammogram curves at different scan rates(B), the galvanostatic discharge profiles at various current densities(C) and the summary plot of specific capacitance values vs. current density(D) of APS-PPy gel electrode supercapacitor (B) Scan rate/(mV·s-1): a. 5; b. 10; c. 20; d. 50; e. 100. (C) Current rate/(A·g-1): a. 0.24; b. 0.48; c. 0.96; d. 2.4; e. 4.8. Inset in (D): cycling test showing ca. 72% capacitance retention over 1000 cycles at high current rate of 4.8 A/g.

Fig.5 Impedance curve(A), the cyclic voltammogram curves at different scan rates(B), the galvanostatic discharge profiles at various current densities(C) and the summary plot of specific capacitance values vs. current density(D) of FN-PPy gel electrode supercapacitor (B) Scan rate/(mV·s-1): a. 5; b. 10; c. 20; d. 50; e. 100. (C) Current density/(A·g-1): a. 0.28; b. 0.72; c. 1.44; d. 2.17; e. 2.8. Inset in (D): cycling test showing ca. 89% capacitance retention over 1000 cycles at high current rate of 4.8 A/g.

Fig.6 N1s(A) and Fe2p(B) XPS spectra of FN-PPy gel (A) a. C—N(Fe)—C; b. C—N+—C; c. C—NH—C. (B) a. Fe2p1/23+; b. Fe2p1/22+; c. Fe2p3/23+; d. Fe2p3/22+.

Fig.7 APS-PPy gel network structured electrode for biosensor showing amperometric response to increasing concentration(0.2 mmol/L for each time) of glucose(A) and the corresponding plot of amperometric response vs. glucose concentration(B) Inset of (A) shows a magnification of the seventh additions of glucose.

Fig.8 FN-PPy gel network structured electrode for biosensor showing amperometric response to increasing concentration(0.2 mmol/L for each time) of glucose(A) and the corresponding plot of amperometric response vs. glucose concentration(B) Inset of (A) shows a magnification of the sixth additions of glucose.

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