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Table of Content

    10 January 2020, Volume 41 Issue 1
    Contents
    Cover and Content of Chemical Journal of Chinese Universities Vol.41 No.1(2020)
    2020, 41(1):  1-1. 
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    Review
    Research Advance of Electrically Controlled Droplet Motion
    DAI Haoyu,DONG Zhichao,JIANG Lei
    2020, 41(1):  1-10.  doi:10.7503/cjcu20190632
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    Electrically controlled droplet motion is a strategy of using electric field to manipulate droplet motion, which has attracted much attentions due to its advantages of fast response, high speed and controllable path for the droplet. It is of great significance in the basic research of field-stimulus droplet motion and the practical application of intelligent microfluidic devices. This paper summarizes the basic principle and research progress of classic droplet motion driven by electrowetting, introduces the representative achievements of new-type electrically controlled droplet motion, and prospects the development of related research and applications.

    Advances in Hydrothermal Catalysis Conversion of Biomass into Oxygen-containing Chemicals
    KONG Lingzhao,MIAO Gai,LUO Hu,SUN Yuhan
    2020, 41(1):  11-18.  doi:10.7503/cjcu20190561
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    As the renewable, widely distributed and green carbon-containing resource, the utilization of biomass, especially the preparation of high-value added oxygen-containing chemicals, has attracted increasing attention from researchers. At present, preparation of important oxygen-containing chemicals through hydrothermal catalysis from biomass is an important research field. In this paper, the progress in the preparation of polyols, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural(5-HMF) and lactic acid by hydrothermal catalytic hydrogenation, dehydration and hydrolysis of biomass was systematically reviewed. The catalytic mechanism and reaction pathways were analyzed in detail, and the research prospect of hydrothermal catalysis of biomass was prospected.

    Recent Advances in the Preparation of 8MR Zeolites for the Selective Catalytic Reduction of NOx(NH3-SCR) in Diesel Engines
    ZHANG Ling,DUAN Hongchang,TAN Zhengguo,WU Qinming,MENG Xiangju,XIAO Fengshou
    2020, 41(1):  19-27.  doi:10.7503/cjcu20190518
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    We summarize the recent progress in the preparation of 8MR zeolites(CHA, AEI, RTH) for the selective catalytic reduction of NOx(NH3-SCR) in diesel, discuss the performance differences of 8MR zeolites synthesized by different routes in SCR. Finally, the challenges in the preparation of 8MR zeolites are also discussed.

    Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles-Based Stimuli-Responsive Drug Delivery Systems Gated by Polymers
    WANG Xinghuo,TANG Jun,YANG Yingwei
    2020, 41(1):  28-43.  doi:10.7503/cjcu20190572
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    With the rapid development ofmaterials science and nanotechnology, stimuli-responsive drug delivery systems(DDS) for cancer therapy have drawn more and more attention. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles(MSNs) possess numerous advantages, such as large loading capacity, desirable biocompatibility, and various types of stimuli-responsiveness, which endowed them with significant roles in biomedical and related applications. Hybrid materials, particularly with MSNs as drug carriers and polymers as gatekeepers have emerged as promising DDS in recent years. In this review, we make an overview of such organic-inorganic hybrid materials for controlled drug release, with themain focus on the use of three types of polymer gating systems on the surfaces of MSNs, which include polymer brushes, polymers networks, and polymer coatings. On the basis of the types of connections, covalent or non-covalent, between these gatekeepers and drug carriers, we showcase the controlled drug release properties of these hybrid materials in response to a variety of external stimuli. The challenges and chances of hybrid nanocarriers constructed from MSNs and polymers are also discussed.

    Letter
    Entropy-driven Crystallization of Colloid Particles Within Cylindrical Confinement
    HOU Cuiling,ZHU Guolong,DAI Xiaobin,XU Ziyang,CHEN Pengyu,ZHANG Xuanyu,GAO Lijuan,YAN Litang
    2020, 41(1):  44-48.  doi:10.7503/cjcu20190602
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    The dynamic process of entropy-driven colloidal particle crystallization within cylindrical con?nement was investigated by Brownian dynamics simulations. In these densely-packed systems, the influence of volume fraction and number of particles on the crystal morphology and structure by cylindrical con?nement, as well as the crystallization process and growth mechanism of colloidal particles were studied, and the evolution of cylindrical crystal structure was simulated. It is found that at low volume fraction, the particle packing structure is gradually layered from concentric circles with the increase of the number of colloidal particles and cylindrical diameter, which is cue to the competition between boundary effect and lattice defect. Particularly, the entropy plays a dominant role in this process. Our findings provide insights into the control of crystal morphology of colloidal particles, deepen the understanding of entropy-driven ordered behavior in colloidal systems, and present a new approach for the structural construction and dynamics regulation for self-assembly of various colloidal systems.

    Articles
    Structural Ide.pngication of Defects on Graphene/Ir(111)
    LI Shichao,LIU Mengxi,QIU Xiaohui
    2020, 41(1):  49-55.  doi:10.7503/cjcu20190570
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    The ide.pngication of the precise structure of the defects is a prerequisite for studying the physicochemical properties of different types of defects and achieving of graphene properties. Scanning tunneling microscopy(STM) and atomic force microscopy(AFM) were combined to study the precise structure of graphene defects formed during the growth process on Ir(111) surface and a.pngicially induced by ion sputtering, including single vacancies, nonhexagonal topological structures, as well as the defects under graphene layer.

    Articles:Inorganic Chemistry
    FeNi(OH)x Thin Films Prepared by Electrospray Ionization for Electrocatalytic Water Oxidation
    YANG Xiaotian,GENG Zhibin,KUANG Siliang,FENG Shouhua
    2020, 41(1):  56-61.  doi:10.7503/cjcu20190525
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    Electrospray ionization technology is an efficient method for the synthesis of high purity thin film materials. Uniform amorphous Fe-Ni bimetallic hydroxide films were prepared on FTO substrate by electrospray ionization deposition. Compared with the films prepared by immersion method, the films prepared by electrospray deposition exhibit higher purity and larger specific surface area. The Fe-Ni bimetallic hydroxide films performs high electrocatalytic water oxidation property, the overpotential at 10 mA/cm 2 is 290 mV. Meanwhile, the film shows excellent stability in the catalytic reaction. This study provides a new method for the controllable synthesis of transition metal hydroxide films with high catalytic activity.

    Ionic Liquid-assisted Synthesis of AuPd Nanosponges and Their Catalytic Performance
    WANG Nan,YAO Kaisheng,ZHAO Chenchen,LI Tianjin,LU Weiwei
    2020, 41(1):  62-69.  doi:10.7503/cjcu20190436
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    With the assistance of a functionalized ionic liquid, 1-hydroxyethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride([HEmim]Cl), the porous sponge-like AuPd nanomaterials was quickly one-pot synthesized in aqueous solution at room temperature. Using field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM), transmission electron microscopy(TEM), X-ray energy spectroscopy(EDX) and X-ray diffraction(XRD), the structures and composition of as-prepared sponge-like AuPd nanomaterials were characterized and analyzed. The results show that the AuPd nanosponges have alloy structures and are formed via the aggregation and fusion of roughed nanoparticles. With different molar ratios of HAuCl4 and Na2PdCl4 precursors(3∶1, 1∶1 or 1∶3), all the products prepared have sponge-like alloy structures. The ionic liquid plays an important role for the construction of AuPd sponge-like structures. Futhermore, all the as-obtained AuPd nanosponges exhibit excellent catalytic performance than commercial Pd/C in the reaction of p-nitrophenol reduction, in which the Au1Pd3 nanosponges have the highest catalytic activity. In the presence of Au1Pd3 nanosponges, the reaction can be finished within only 98 s and the reaction rate constant is calculated to be 0.0143 s -1, which is 2.3 times higher than commercial Pd/C. Yet, the current protocol can be used to grow and assemble other bi-metallic(such as PdCu and PtCu) and multi-metallic nanosponges.

    Synthesis and Switchable Dielectric Properties of an Inorganic-organic Hybrid Complex [H2(DABCO)CuCl4]·H2O
    QIN Liulei,LIU Yang,GUAN Xiaoqin,ZHENG Xiaoyuan,ZHANG Ziyu,LIU Zunqi
    2020, 41(1):  70-77.  doi:10.7503/cjcu20190310
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    A novel inorganic-organic hybrid complex, [H2(DABCO)CuCl4]·H2O(1), was successfully synthesized via the reaction of 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane, copper(Ⅱ) chloride dihydrate and hydrochloric acid. The complex was characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, IR spectra, powder X-ray diffraction analysis, thermogravimetric analysis and variable-temperature dielectric measurement. Single crystal XRD analysis reveals that compound 1 belongs to monoclinic space group P21/c at low temperature and room temperature, and the unit cell parameters a, b, c, and V change significantly from low temperature to room temperature for the same structure phase transition. The single crystal structure shows that a two-dimensional network is formed in the bc plane through N—H…O and O—H…Cl hydrogen bonding interactions. The relative displacement of copper ions along the c-axis leads to switchable dielectric abnormal peaks and temperature dependence of its dielectric permittivity displays remarkable dielectric anisotropy along different crystal axes.

    Analytical Chemistry
    Preparation of HRP Molecularly Imprinted Electrochemical Sensor with Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes as Sensitizing Materials and the Detection of H2O2
    TENG Yu,YANG Shaoming,BAI Chaopeng,ZHANG Jian
    2020, 41(1):  78-86.  doi:10.7503/cjcu20190485
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    Firstly, the pre-carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs) were electrodeposited on the surface of the glassy carbon electrode as sensitivity-enhanced materials. Then, a layer of polymeric film was formed on the modified electrode through the electropolymerization in the o-phenylenediamine(o-PD) monomer solution containing horseradish peroxidase template molecule. After removing the templates, the molecularly imprinted polymer membrane with specific recognition ability towards horseradish peroxidase was formed. The prepared molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor had a good linear relationship with horseradish peroxidase(HRP) in the concentration range of 1.0×10 -10—1.0×10 -5 mg/mL, the correlation coefficient was 0.991, and the detection limit was 1.5×10 -11 mg/mL(S/N=3); and also exhibited a good linear response for H2O2 in the concentration range of 4.0×10 -7—1.4×10 -5 mol/L, with a correlation coefficient of 0.992 and a detection limit of 2.6×10 -7 mol/L(S/N=3). And this molecularly imprinted sensor was used for the detection of the actual sample, the recovery rate is between 91.2% and 97.1%. HRP and H2O2 bi-analyte sensor based on MIP film was successfully developed in this work. The developed method can also be applicable for enzyme and its enzymatic substrate bi-analyte sensor.

    In vivo Dynamic Detection of Aloe Polysaccharides Using Carbon Fiber Microelectrodes Modified with Gold Nanoparticles
    WANG Tingting, LI Yuan, YANG Lili, BAO Changhao, CHENG Han
    2020, 41(1):  87-93.  doi:10.7503/cjcu20190422
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    An electrochemical method for real-time dynamic detection of aloe polysaccharide in water storage tissue gel layer of aloe leaves was established. The aloe polysaccharides in aloe plants under different growth conditions were monitored in vivo by high-sensitivity carbon fiber microelectrodes modified with gold nanoparticles(AuNPs/CFME), to evaluate the real-time changes of aloe polysaccharides in the environment under stress. The experimental results show that the AuNPs/CFME has significant electrocatalytic activity to aloe polysaccharides in aloe water storage tissue. The dynamic changes of aloe polysaccharide in aloe plants under different growth environments have significant statistical differences. The modified electrode was successfully applied to the dynamic change of aloe polysaccharide in aloe plants for real-time monitoring, which made the electrochemical detection method a promising method for monitoring the photosynthesis intensity of plants.

    Research on Boold Species Ide.pngication Algorithm Based on RF_AdaBoost Model
    WEI Manman,LU Haoxiang,YANG Huihua
    2020, 41(1):  94-101.  doi:10.7503/cjcu20190400
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    Aim ing at the requirements of non-destructive and high-efficiency analysis methods for ide.pngying human and non-human blood species, a method of blood species ide.pngication based on Random Forest combined Adaptive Boosting Algorithm(RF_AdaBoost) was proposed. This method uses RF as the weak classifier of AdaBoost to improve the ide.pngication accuracy and enhance the robustness of the model. RF, Extreme Learning Machine(ELM), Kernel Extreme Learning Machine(KELM), Stacked Auto-Encoder(SAE), Back Propagation(BP), Principal Component Analysis and Linear Discriminant Analysis(PCA-LDA), Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis(PLS-DA) are used to compare with the RF_AdaBoost model, and the training sets of different scales of blood Raman spectroscopy data were used for ide.pngication experiments to evaluate its performance. With the increase of training samples in the experiment, the ide.pngication accuracy of RF_AdaBoost is up to 100%, and the prediction standard deviation tends to zero. The results show that RF_AdaBoost has higher classification accuracy and stronger stability than other models, which provides an effective new method for the ide.pngication of blood species.
    Fluorescence Detection Based on DNA-templated Silver Nanoclusters and the Construction of Multi-level Logic Gate
    XIAO Zhourui,HUANG Donghua,BIAN Mengmeng,YUAN Yali,NIE Jinfang
    2020, 41(1):  102-110.  doi:10.7503/cjcu20190385
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    Fluorescent silver nanoclusters were synthesized using DNA as template(DNA-Ag NCs), and characterized by fluorescence, ultraviolet and infrared spectroscopy. According to the fluorescence changes generated by the interaction between DNA-Ag NCs and ions, relative concentration detections can be carried out. Under the optimal experimental conditions, the concentrations of Ni 2+ and Hg 2+ showed a linear relationship with the fluorescence intensity of DNA-Ag NCs. The practicability of this fluorescent probe in tap water samples is also verified. Since DNA-Ag NCs can respond to a variety of stimuli, including Ni 2+, S 2-, Hg 2+ and H +(pH=7.0), logic gates of multiple input and their combination can be constructed based on the corresponding fluorescence intensity. When definition of fluorescence output intensity(Ioutput)>initial fluorescence intensity(Iorigin) as output=1 was adopted, the YES, INH and integrative NOR and INH logic gates were constructed. And if IoutputIorigin is defined as output=1, the NOT, NOR and integrative IMP, NOR and AND logic gates can be established. Based on DNA-Ag NCs, complex logic gates involving multiple inputs can be constructed to realize the transformation and transmission of chemical information, which has great application prospects in constructing new molecular devices.

    Screening of Cholinesterase Inhibitors in Fructus Evodiae Alkaloids Based on UFLC-MS/molecular Simulation
    WANG Lianping,LI Qingjie,LIU Xiaoyan,REN Yueying,YANG Xiuwei
    2020, 41(1):  111-117.  doi:10.7503/cjcu20190311
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    Cholinesterase inhibitors targeting acetylcholinesterase and butyryl cholinesterase were screened from alcohol extracts of evodia rutaecarni. The pharmacokinetic process of small molecule compounds in evodia evodia alcohol extract was studied by ultra fast liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(UFLC-MS). At the same time, UFLC-MS analysis method included specificity, linearity, precision, accuracy, stability, the matrix effect and recovery projects such as a comprehensive inspection. The results show that the method is stable and reliable, and 10 alkaloids compounds in alcohol extract can be absorbed quickly, gastrointestinal tract and the majority of compound blood drug concentration peak at about 1—2 h. Flexible molecular docking and structurally activity analysis of 10 alkaloid compounds with acetylcholinesterase and butylcholinesterase were conducted. It was found that the four compounds with the highest activity were indole-type alkaloids, namely evodiamine, rutaecarpine, dehydroevodiamine and wuchuyuamide Ⅰ, respectively. Their docking scores with acetylcholinesterase were all below -46.02 kJ/mol. The docking scores with butylcholinesterase were all below -41.84 kJ/mol. Evodiamine, rutaecarpine, dehydroevodiamine and wuchuyuamide may be precursor compounds of cholinesterase inhibitors targeting acetylcholinesterase and butyryl cholinesterase.

    Organic Chemistry
    Synthesis of α-Sulfonyl Ketones via I2/TBHP Promoted Radical Sulfonylation of Silyl Enol Ethers with Sulfohydrazides under Mild Conditions
    TANG Yucai,QU Huang,ZHANG Wenxi,WANG Feifei,WANG Gang
    2020, 41(1):  118-124.  doi:10.7503/cjcu20190424
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    A I2/TBHP mediated reaction of readily prepared silyl enol ethers with sulfonylhydrazides was developed for the synthesis of α-sulfonyl ketones under mild conditions. Twenty-two α-sulfonyl ketone derivatives were obtained in 22%—72% yields under the optimized reaction conditions. Their structures were confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy(NMR). Moreover, the present catalytic protocol exhibited good functional group tolerance and substrate applicability, and various substituents such as halogen, nitro, trifluoromethyl, furan and naphthalene can be successfully converted to corresponding α-sulfonyl ketones. The preliminary mechanistic studies disclose that the reaction may proceed via a radical pathway.

    Physical Chemistry
    Fabrication of Robust Underwater Superoleophobic Copper Mesh with Tunable Oil Adhesion
    LI Chong,CHENG Zhongjun,AN Maozhong
    2020, 41(1):  125-131.  doi:10.7503/cjcu20190514
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    A series of underwater superoleophobic copper meshes with tunable oil adhesion were fabricated by adjusting the time of eletrodeposition copper on copper mesh. Furthermore, after coating a layer of rigid aluminum dihydrogen phosphate(ADP) onto the as-prepared copper meshes, the mechanical stability of the microstructure on the copper meshes were effectively enhanced while maintaining the original microstructure morphology and oil adhesion property unchanged. The different oil adhesion of as-prepared copper meshes could be ascribed to the difference of surface microstructures that results in different solid/oil contact model in water. Theoretical simulations analysis reveals that the enhanced effect of surface microstructure results from the coating is due to the decreases the maximum transverse deformation and stress on the microstructure.

    Effect of Oxygen on Photocatalytic Nitrogen Fixation Performance of N Vacancy-embedded Graphitic Carbon Nitride
    ZHAO Yanfeng,SUN Xiaolong,HU Shaozheng,WANG Hui,WANG Fei,LI Ping
    2020, 41(1):  132-139.  doi:10.7503/cjcu20190463
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    N vacancy and oxygen co-doped g-C3N4 with outstanding N2 photofixation ability was synthesized by dielectric barrier discharge plasma treatment. XRD, UV-Vis, N2 adsorption, SEM, XPS, PL and TPD were used to characterize the as-prepared catalysts. The result shows that plasma treatment does not change the morphology of as-prepared catalyst but introduce nitrogen vacancies and oxygen into g-C3N4 lattice simultaneously. The as-prepared co-doped g-C3N4 displays the ammonium ion production rate as high as 5.9 mg·L -1·h -1· g cat - 1 , which is 2.2 and 20 times that of individual N vacancy-doped g-C3N4 and neat g-C3N4, as well as good catalytic stability. Experimental and density functional theory(DFT) calculation results indicate that, compared with individual N vacancies doping, the introduction of oxygen can promote the activation ability of N vacancies to N2 molecule, leading to the promoted N2 photofixation performance.

    Phase Inversion of Pickering Emulsion Stabilized by Adipate-functionalized SiO2 Particles
    CHEN Jing,CHEN Jinhua,YIN Dezhong,ZHANG Wei
    2020, 41(1):  140-144.  doi:10.7503/cjcu20190452
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    Phase inversion of emulsion of dialkyl adipate-water mixture stabilized by adipate-functionalized SiO2 particles was described. Ability of different adipate to functionalize SiO2 particles for Pickering emulsion was investigated systematically. Chain length of alkyl in adipates was found to be crucial to the property of formed emulsion. Adipate with long alkyl chain was apt to form oil-in-water emulsion, while adipate with short alkyl chain was apt to form wate-in-oil emulsion. The reason of this difference was explored by analyzing the phase inversion. Adipate with short alkyl chain has strong hydrogen bonding ability with Si—OH on SiO2 particles. Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) spectra verified directly the difference of adipate archored on SiO2 particles. Properties of emulsion prepared under pH=9 reconfirmed the proposed mechanism.

    Effect of Annealing Treatment on Structure and Electrochemical Properties of New Mg-free Y0.7La0.3Ni3.25Al0.1Mn0.15 Hydrogen Storage Alloys
    DENG Anqiang,LUO Yongchun,XIA Yuanhua,PENG Sihui,MA Weiqin,ZHAO Xudong,YANG Yang,HOU Xiaodong
    2020, 41(1):  145-154.  doi:10.7503/cjcu20190430
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    Mg-free A2B7 type Y0.7La0.3Ni3.25Al0.1Mn0.15 alloy of La-Y-Ni system was prepared by arc melting and annealed for 24 h in high purity Ar atmosphere at 800—1050 ℃. X-ray diffraction(XRD), neutron diffraction(ND), scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy(SEM/EDS) and electrochemical test methods were used to research the influence of annealing temperature on the structure and properties of the alloys. Structural analysis shows that as-cast alloy consists of CaCu5, Ce5Co19, Gd2Co7 and Ce2Ni7. As the annealing temperature increases, CaCu5, Ce5Co19 and Gd2Co7 gradually decrease to disappear, while the phase abundance of Ce2Ni7 main phase increases gradually. When annealing at 900—950 ℃, the alloy is single-phase Ce2Ni7 structure. When annealing temperature continues to rise, a small amount of PuNi3 phase appears in the alloy. The maximum discharge capacity of the alloy electrodes increases first and then decreases as the annealing temperature increases. It increases from 307.6 mA·h/g for the as-cast alloy to 393.1 mA·h/g at the nnealing temperature of 900 ℃, and then decreases to 366.4 mA·h/g at the nnealing temperature of 1050 ℃. The electrochemical cycle stability of alloy electrodes increase with the increase of annealing temperature. After 100 cycles, the electrochemical capacity retention rate(S100) increases from 66% for the as-cast alloys to 88.5% at the nnealing temperature of 1050 ℃. When annealing at 900—950 ℃, the alloy electrodes have better comprehensive electrochemical properties.

    Adsorption of Cr 6+ on Polyethyleneimine-functionalized Straw Biochar from Aqueous Solution
    XU Jianling,ZHANG Di,NIE Miaoqing,WANG Hanxi,LI Longwei
    2020, 41(1):  155-161.  doi:10.7503/cjcu20190418
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    To study the properties of straw biochar composites and the adsorption characteristics of Cr 6+ from water, corn stalks were selected as raw material and corn stalk biochar was prepared by anoxic carbonization and loaded on the surface of biochar with polyethyleneimine(PEI). PEI-functionalized straw biochar was prepared, and its adsorption performance and the mechanism of Cr 6+adsorption were characterized. The results showed that the adsorption efficiency of PEI alkaline biochar(PBC) on Cr 6+ was significantly higher than that of PEI acidic biochar(HBC) and raw biochar(CBC) under the same conditions of adsorbent addition. The maximum adsorption capacity of Cr 6+ on PBC from aqueous solution was 386.3 mg/g, and the adsorption equilibrium time was 300 min. When the pH was approximately 2.0, the adsorption efficiency of Cr 6+ reached 95.94%. Therefore, PBC can be used as an adsorbent for the efficient removal of Cr 6+ in water.

    Preparation of Nanoporous Ni and NiO and Their Electrocatalytic Activities for Oxygen Evolution Reaction
    REN Xiangrong,ZHOU Qi
    2020, 41(1):  162-174.  doi:10.7503/cjcu20190340
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    Nanoporous Ni was prepared by a combined method of rapid quenching and dealloying, and then the prepared samples were heat-treated to synthesize the nanoporous NiO. The phase, morphology, microstructure and pore-size distribution of nanoporous Ni and NiO were analyzed by X-ray diffraction(XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM), transmission electron microscopy(TEM) and N2 adsorption-desorption analysis, respectively. Their electrochemical performance was investigated by cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical stea-dy-state polarization and electrochemical impendence spectroscopy(EIS). The results show that the nanoporous Ni obtained from Ni30Al70 has multi-stage nanoporous structure, when the current density is 10 mA/cm 2, the oxygen evolution overpotential is only 224 mV, the exchange current density is 0.63297 mA/cm 2, and the apparent activation free energy is 40.297 kJ/mol; after 1000 cycles of voltammetry, the overpotential decreases by 5 mV(j=10 mA/cm 2), showing fine catalysis stability and durability.

    Polymer Chemistry
    Polypyrrole/Polyaniline Nanocomposite Nanotubes with Enhanced Thermoelectric Properties
    WANG Yihan,YIN Qiang,DU Kai,YIN Qinjian
    2020, 41(1):  175-182.  doi:10.7503/cjcu20190425
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    Polypyrrole(PPy)/polyaniline(PANi) composite nanotubes were synthesized by in situ polymerization using PPy nanotubes as the templates. Structure analysis shows the combination of PANi and PPy with similar molecular chain structure can effectively enhance the electrical conductivity due to the π-π conjugated interaction and hydrogen-bonding in PPy/PANi composite nanotubes. Besides, the chain of PANi in PPy/PANi develops towards a larger crystalline orientation along with the increasing PANi content, forming a more regular and compact chain stacking, which is beneficial to improving the thermoelectric properties of the materials. Consequently, the power factor of the PPy/PANi composite nanotubes achieve 0.74 μW/(m·K 2) at 363 K when the molar ratio of PPy to PANi is 1∶2.

    Polypyrrole Nanowire Gels Based on Templating Fabrication and Their Energy Storage and Electrochemical Sensing Properties
    LI Botian,SHAO Wei,XIAO Da,ZHOU Xue,DONG Junwei,TANG Liming
    2020, 41(1):  183-190.  doi:10.7503/cjcu20190266
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    Conducting polymer gels possess both gel-network structure and organic semiconductor properties, thus exhibit high energy density, excellent charge-discharge stability, and good flexibility, etc. They are considered as ideal materials for producing flexible electrodes, however the traditional fabrication of conducting polymer gels often introduced non-conducting chemical crosslinkers, limiting the electrical conductivity. In this work, a coordination polymer gel was employed as template to produce uniform network of polypyrrole nanowires, and after polymerization the template could be easily removed thereby improving the performance of the polypyrrole gel. The results showed that the polypyrrole gel fabricated by template method had a three-dimensional network structure composed of uniform nanowires, having good mechanical properties, large specific surface area, and excellent electrochemical properties. At a current density of 0.28 A/g, the specific capacitance could reach 450 F/g, meanwhile the the specific capacitance could be maintained at 88.6% after 1000 times charge-discharge cycles at a current density of 2.8 A/g. The polypyrrole nanowire network gels were loaded with glucose oxidase to give a flexible sensor, which had rapid responsiveness to glucose at low concentration(0.2 mmol/L), therefore they were expected to have application in supercapacitors, electrochemical sensors and so on.