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Chem. J. Chinese Universities ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (7): 20250370.doi: 10.7503/cjcu20250370
• Environmental Chemistry • Previous Articles Next Articles
YANG Zhenmiao1, WU Yannan1, CHEN Jingfeng1, LIN Yawei1, WEI Chenjie1,2(
), LIU Lifen1,2(
)
Received:2025-12-04
Online:2026-07-10
Published:2025-12-19
Contact:
WEI Chenjie, LIU Lifen
E-mail:cjwei@zjut.edu.cn;lifenliu@zjut.edu.cn
Supported by:CLC Number:
TrendMD:
YANG Zhenmiao, WU Yannan, CHEN Jingfeng, LIN Yawei, WEI Chenjie, LIU Lifen. Recycling Treatment of Stainless Steel Pickling Wastewater by Combination of Diffusion Dialysis and Three-step Precipitation Processes[J]. Chem. J. Chinese Universities, 2026, 47(7): 20250370.
| c(HNO3)/(mol∙L-1) | c(KF)/(mol∙L-1) | Fe3+ precipitation rate (%) | Cr3+ precipitation rate (%) | Ni2+ retention rate (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 0.2 | 69.4±4.3 | 3.5±3.5 | 99.6±3.5 |
| 0 | 0.3 | 91.3±3.3 | 8.8±1.6 | 98.2±2.1 |
| 0.02 | 0.3 | 93.9±0.9 | 9.2±1.1 | 98.7±1.8 |
| 0.02 | 0.4 | 96.9±1.1 | 19.2±9.4 | 97.0±2.9 |
| 0.02 | 0.6 | 98.1±0.7 | 13.5±4.0 | 91.5±1.7 |
Table 1 Effect of HNO3 and KF concentrations on the precipitation rate of residual Fe3+ and Cr3+, and retention rate of Ni2+ in the second-step precipitation filter solution
| c(HNO3)/(mol∙L-1) | c(KF)/(mol∙L-1) | Fe3+ precipitation rate (%) | Cr3+ precipitation rate (%) | Ni2+ retention rate (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 0.2 | 69.4±4.3 | 3.5±3.5 | 99.6±3.5 |
| 0 | 0.3 | 91.3±3.3 | 8.8±1.6 | 98.2±2.1 |
| 0.02 | 0.3 | 93.9±0.9 | 9.2±1.1 | 98.7±1.8 |
| 0.02 | 0.4 | 96.9±1.1 | 19.2±9.4 | 97.0±2.9 |
| 0.02 | 0.6 | 98.1±0.7 | 13.5±4.0 | 91.5±1.7 |
| Filter solution | Precipitation condition | c(Fe3+)/ (mg∙L-1) | c(Cr3+)/ (mg∙L-1) | c(Ni2+)/ (mg∙L-1) | Mass fraction of Ni2+(%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The first⁃step precipitation | c(KOH)∶c(KF)=7∶1, 15 ℃ | 68.5±4.0 | 28.0±1.5 | 255.0±0.2 | 72.5±1.7 |
| The second⁃step precipitation | 0.20 mol/L KF | 21.0±3.0 | 27.5±1.0 | 261.3±1.3 | 84.2±0.4 |
| 0.30 mol/L KF | 5.9±2.3 | 26.0±0.5 | 250.5±5.3 | 88.7±1.6 | |
| 0.02 mol/L HNO3+0.30 mol/L KF | 4.2±0.6 | 25.9±0.3 | 251.6±4.1 | 89.6±1.4 | |
| 0.02 mol/L HNO3+0.40 mol/L KF | 2.1±0.8 | 23.0±2.7 | 247.4±7.4 | 90.8±2.7 | |
| 0.02 mol/L HNO3+0.60 mol/L KF | 1.3±0.4 | 24.7±1.2 | 233.3±4.2 | 89.9±1.6 |
Table 2 Precipitation effect comparison of the first-step selective precipitation with the second-step precipitation
| Filter solution | Precipitation condition | c(Fe3+)/ (mg∙L-1) | c(Cr3+)/ (mg∙L-1) | c(Ni2+)/ (mg∙L-1) | Mass fraction of Ni2+(%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The first⁃step precipitation | c(KOH)∶c(KF)=7∶1, 15 ℃ | 68.5±4.0 | 28.0±1.5 | 255.0±0.2 | 72.5±1.7 |
| The second⁃step precipitation | 0.20 mol/L KF | 21.0±3.0 | 27.5±1.0 | 261.3±1.3 | 84.2±0.4 |
| 0.30 mol/L KF | 5.9±2.3 | 26.0±0.5 | 250.5±5.3 | 88.7±1.6 | |
| 0.02 mol/L HNO3+0.30 mol/L KF | 4.2±0.6 | 25.9±0.3 | 251.6±4.1 | 89.6±1.4 | |
| 0.02 mol/L HNO3+0.40 mol/L KF | 2.1±0.8 | 23.0±2.7 | 247.4±7.4 | 90.8±2.7 | |
| 0.02 mol/L HNO3+0.60 mol/L KF | 1.3±0.4 | 24.7±1.2 | 233.3±4.2 | 89.9±1.6 |
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