Chem. J. Chinese Universities ›› 2024, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (12): 20240350.doi: 10.7503/cjcu20240350

• Physical Chemistry • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Preparation and Properties of Dodecacarbonyl Alkynyl Nonionic Gemini Surfactants

LI Yaqi1, XING Youmei1,2, MA Jiewen1, ZHANG Zhijun1,2, HU Bin1, FANG Weihua2, YIN Yunjian2(), WU Zhen1(), WANG Guojie1()   

  1. 1.School of Materials Science and Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China
    2.Hangzhou Greenda Electronic Materials Co. ,Ltd. ,Hangzhou 311228,China
  • Received:2024-07-11 Online:2024-12-10 Published:2024-10-09
  • Contact: YIN Yunjian, WU Zhen, WANG Guojie E-mail:yyj@greendachem.com;wuzhen@ustb.edu.cn;guojie.wang@mater.ustb.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    the the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22005021);the Beijing Natural Science Foundation, China(2242044);the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University, China(NCET-11-0582)

Abstract:

Nonionic Gemini surfactants are a new class of highly efficient surfactants with low surface tension and excellent wettability, which have great potential for application in the field of advanced wet electronic chemicals. Four nonionic Gemini surfactants with different polyoxyethylene chain lengths(n) are synthesized from 2,5,8,11- tetramethyldodec-6-yne-5,8-diol and ethylene oxide, namely P1(n=2), P2(n=4), P3(n=5) and P4(n=7). The chemical structures of the surfactants are identified by Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) spectra. The alkyl chain of the 2,5,8,11-tetramethyldodec-6-yne-5,8-diol is hydrophobic and the polyoxyethylene chain is hydrophilic, so the hydrophilic/hydrophobic ratio of the surfactant can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the polyoxyethylene chain. The effects of different polyoxyethylene chain lengths on surface tension, critical micelle concentration(cmc), wetting ability, foam performance, and emulsification capacity are investigated. With increasing the polyoxyethylene chain length, the polarity and hydrophilicity of the surfactant increases, leading to a gradual increase in the cmc. The surface tension at cmc(γcmc, mN/m) decreases and then increases with increasing polyoxyethylene chain length, among which the γcmc of P2 is the lowest, 27.19 mN/m, exhibiting excellent surface activity; P2 shows excellent wetting properties with the lowest contact angle of 48° on polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE) substrate. The foaming and emulsifying properties increase with the length of the polyoxyethylene chain, and P2, P3, and P4 show excellent foaming and emulsifying properties. The excellent emulsifying properties of the surfactants are also illustrated by optical micrographs of droplet size and distribution aggregation. By investigating the effects of different polyoxyethylene chain lengths on the surface tension, cmc, wettability, foaming performance, and emulsifying property of dodecacarbonyl alkynyl nonionic Gemini surfactants, we have provided a theoretical basis for the structure-property relationship of surfactants, which is of great significance in promoting the practical applications in the field of wet electronic chemicals.

Key words: Nonionic Gemini surfactant, Polyoxyethylene chain, Surface tension, Critical micelle concentration, Wettability

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