One-step Synergistic Hydrophobic Modification of Melamine Sponge and Its Application †

doi:10.7503/cjcu20190557

Abstract

Abstract:

The amphiphilic melamine sponge(MS) was synergistically modified in one step by nitric acid(HNO₃). Thus, the HNO₃ modified melamine sponge(HMMS) with superhydrophobicity was prepared. The structure, morphology and composition of the prepared HMMS were analyzed by Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy(FTIR), thermogravimetry(TG) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM). And its surface wettability, mechanical properties, adsorption properties, recycling performance and oil-water separation perfor-mance were studied. The results show that the HMMS has superhydrophobicity, excellent mechanical properties, recycling ability and selective adsorption capacity, and exhibits high separation efficiency up to 6×10 ⁶ L?m ^-3?h ^-1. Particularly, HMMS can remain stable in physicochemical properties in demanding environments. Therefore, the novel oil-water separation material have high practical application value.

Key words: Melamine sponge, Oil-water separation, Adsorption property, Surface modification, Superhydrophobicity

CLC Number:

O648

TrendMD:

LIU Shuaizhuo,ZHANG Qian,LIU Ning,XIAO Wenyan,FAN Leiyi,ZHOU Ying. One-step Synergistic Hydrophobic Modification of Melamine Sponge and Its Application ^†[J]. Chem. J. Chinese Universities, 2020, 41(3): 521.

Figures/Tables 9

Fig.1 SEM images of MS(A, F), HMMS-0.05(B, G), HMMS-0.25(C, H), HMMS-0.5(D, I) and HMMS-5(E, J)

Fig.2 FTIR spectra of the effects of different reaction concentrations(A) and reaction time(B) on HMMS (A) a. MS; b. HMMS-0.05; c. HMMS-0.25; d. HMMS-0.5; e. HMMS-1. (B) a. HMMS-0.25, 60 min; b. HMMS-0.25, 120 min; c. HMMS-0.25, 180 min.

Fig.3 TG curve of MS(a) and HMMS-0.5(b)

Fig.4 Photographs of water droplets(dyed with Rhodamine B) and oil droplets(stained with Sudan Ⅲ) on MS(A) and HMMS-0.5(B), water contact angle image of HMMS-0.5(C), MS and HMMS-0.5 sink in the water and float on the water(D), HMMS-0.5 immersed into water under the action of external force to perform the silver mirror phenomenon(E) and schematic diagram of the interior of HMMS-0.5 also remaining superhydrophobic(F)

Fig.5 Effect of different concentrations of nitric acid solution on the WCA of HMMS(A), the effect of different pH(B) and salinity(C) of solutions on the WCA of HMMS-0.5 and the effect of rubbing and squeezing 50 and 100 times on the WCA of HMMS-0.5(D) (A) a. HMMS-0.05; b. HMMS-0.25; c. HMMS-0.5; d. HMMS-1; e. HMMS-5. Insets of (B): the corresponding water contact angle test photographs. (D) a. No rubbing and squeezing; b. after rubbing 50 times; c. after rubbing 100 times; d. after squeezing 50 times. f. after squeezing 100 times.

Fig.6 Distorted extrusion pictures of HMMS-0.5(A—C) and the stress-strain curves of HMMS-0.5 over 50 cycles(80% strain)(D) Insets of (D): the cyclic compression test process of HMMS-0.5 and photographs of water contact angle before and after the test.

Fig.7 Adsorption capacity towards different types of oils and organic solvents over HMMS-0.5(A) and recycling adsorption performance towards n-hexane and pump oil over HMMS-0.5(B) a. Dichloromethane; b. rapeseed oil; c. kerosene; d. vacuum pump oil; e. petroleum cther; f. n-hexane; g. toluene; h. corn oil.

Fig.8 Rapid selective adsorption of HMMS-0.5 for floating n-hexane(A) and methylene chloride underwater(B)

Fig.9 Continuous selective separation of oil-water mixtures under static(A) and dynamic conditions(B) by HMMS-0.5

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