Photoconversion of γ-Hexachlorocyclohexane in the Presence of Humic Acid in Ice†

doi:10.7503/cjcu20160414

Abstract

Abstract:

The photoconversion regularity of γ-hexachlorocyclohexane(γ-HCH) in snow and ice in the presence of humic acid(HA) were studied. The results showed that the photoconversion efficiency of γ-HCH was promoted at low initial concentration of HA, but inhibited at high concentration of HA. Salt ion concentration, N $O 2 -$ and N $O 3 -$ all promoted the photoconversion efficiency of γ-HCH. The photoconversion efficiency of γ-HCH was promoted at low initial concentration of Fe³⁺, but inhibited when the concentration of Fe³⁺ reached 50 μmol/L. The sequence of photoconversion rate of γ-HCH at different pH was alkaline>neutral>acidic. HA accelerated the photoconversion of γ-HCH by producing singlet oxygen(¹O₂), hydroxyl free radical(·OH) and triple excited state(HA^*) in ice. Photoproducts of γ-HCH in the presence of HA are mainly pentachloro-cyclohexene, p-dichlorobenzene and o-dichlorobenzene, 1-chlorobenzene, and ¹O₂ indirectly accelerated the photoconversion of γ-HCH by consuming the intermediate products.

Key words: γ-Hexachlorocyclohexane(γ-HCH), Humic acid(HA), Photoconversion, Ice

TrendMD:

BAO Siqi, KANG Chunli, ZHONG Yubo, ZHOU Lin, YAO Zhifu, HUANG Dongmei, WANG Yuhan, TIAN Tao. Photoconversion of γ-Hexachlorocyclohexane in the Presence of Humic Acid in Ice^†[J]. Chem. J. Chinese Universities, 2016, 37(12): 2253.

Figures/Tables 9

Fig.1 Conversion rate of γ-HCH in different concentration of humate in ice and water(cγ-HCH=60 μg/L)

Table 1 The first order kinetics equation and parameters of light conversion of γ-HCH

Reaction system	The first order kinetics equation	k/h^-1	t_1/2/h	Coefficient of determination, R²
Water phase	ln(c_t/c₀)=-0.0019t+3.9895	0.0019	364.74	0.9251
Ice phase	ln(c_t/c₀)=-0.0075t+0.0465	0.0075	92.40	0.9600

Fig.2 UV-Vis spectra of HA of different concentrationsc/(mg·L-1): a. 5; b. 8; c. 10; d. 15; e. 20.

Fig.3 Light conversion rate of γ-HCH at different pH values in icecγ-HCH=60 μg/L, cHA=10 mg/L. (A) cPBS=0.005 mol/L; (B) cPBS=0.05 mol/L.

Fig.4 Light conversion rate of γ-HCH with different concentrations of Fe3+ in icecγ-HCH=60 μg/L, cHA=10 mg/L.

Fig.5 Light conversion rate of γ-HCH with NO2- and NO3- in icecγ-HCH=60 μg/L; cHA=10 mg/L; cNO2-=5 mmol/L; cNO3-=5 mmol/L.

Fig.6 Light conversion rate of γ-HCH with different concentrations of NaN3 in icecγ-HCH=60 μg/L, cHA=10 mg/L.

Fig.7 Light conversion rate of γ-HCH with different concentrations of isopropanol in icecγ-HCH=60 μg/L, cHA=10 mg/L.

Scheme 1 Light conversion way of γ-HCH with HA in ice

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