Preparation and Properties of the High Capacity Si@PVP-GCB Core-shell Composite Anode Material Used in Li-ion Batteries†

doi:10.7503/cjcu20140482

Abstract

Abstract:

Si/C composite electrode material, Si@PVP-GCB[GCB=graphitized carbon black, PVP=poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone] was prepared at room temperature by one step-assembly technique. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD), transmission electron microscopy(TEM), scanning electron microscopy(SEM), thermogravimetric analysis(TG) and Raman spectroscopy. It is found that a well-connected three dimensional(3D) nanoporous GCB network uniformly embedded with core-shell nanoparticles of the silicon nanoparticles(SiNPs) core and the PVP shell was formed. The GCB 3D network not only contributes to the high electrical conductivity of Si@PVP-GCB, but also strengthens the mechanical properties of the electrode material. Apart from that, the special hollow structure of GCB nanoparticles and PVP coating shell can buffer the volume variation of SiNPs much more effectively. The electrochemical results show that the Si@PVP-GCB delivered a reversible capacity of 545 mA·h/g at the current density of 50 mA/g after 100 cycles, much higher than that of the commercial graphite microspheres(GMs, 372 mA·h/g).

Key words: Poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone), Silicon nanoparticles, Carbon black, Core-shell structure electrode material, Lithium ion battery

CLC Number:

O646.21

TrendMD:

WANG Cunguo, PAN Xuan, ZHANG Lei, ZHU Mengkang, LI Dekai, DIAO Lingbo, LI Weiyan. Preparation and Properties of the High Capacity Si@PVP-GCB Core-shell Composite Anode Material Used in Li-ion Batteries^†[J]. Chem. J. Chinese Universities, 2015, 36(2): 368.

Figures/Tables 6

Fig.1 SEM images of raw GCB(A), SiNPs(B) and Si@PVP-GCB(C and D) (D) is the magnified image of the area framed in (C).

Fig.2 TEM images of GCB(A), Si@PVP-GCB(B) and Si@PVP(C)

Fig.3 XRD patterns(A), Raman spectra(B) and TG curves in air(C) of SiNPs(a), GCB(b) and Si@PVP-GCB(c)

Fig.4 First discharge(a'—c')-charge(a—c) curves(A) and cycling property(B) for SiNPs, GMs and Si@PVP-GCB between 2.0 and 0.005 V at the current density of 50 mA/g (A) a, a'. SiNPs; b, b'. GMs; c, c'. Si@PVP-GCB.

Fig.5 Rate performance of GMs and Si@PVP-GCB anodes at different current densities

Fig.6 Electrochemical impedance plots of Si@PVP- GCB(a), Si@PVP(b) and GMs(c)

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