Chem. J. Chinese Universities ›› 2014, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (9): 1912.doi: 10.7503/cjcu20131050
• Organic Chemistry • Previous Articles Next Articles
BU Huijuan, ZHANG Jing, MU Boshuai, LI Yuan*()
Received:
2013-10-28
Online:
2014-09-10
Published:
2019-08-01
Contact:
LI Yuan
E-mail:liyuanhbsd@163.com
Supported by:
CLC Number:
TrendMD:
BU Huijuan, ZHANG Jing, MU Boshuai, LI Yuan. Mannich Reaction of Aromatic Ketones Based on Acetic Acid as Solvent and Catalyst†[J]. Chem. J. Chinese Universities, 2014, 35(9): 1912.
Scheme 2 Reaction of aromatic ketones 1 with formaldehyde and diethylamine in acetic acid Ar: a.Ph; b. 4-F-C6H4; c. 4-Cl-C6H4; d. 4-Br-C6H4; e. 4-CH3-C6H4; f. 4-OCH3-C6H4; g. 4-NO2-C6H4; h. 2-F-C6H4; i. 3-F-C6H4; j. 2,4-F2-C6H3; k. 3,4-F2-C6H3; l. 3-Cl-C6H4; m. 3-NO2-C6H4; n. 2-naphthyl; o. 4-C6H5C6H4.
Ketone | n(Ketone 1)∶n(HCHO) | Amine | n(Ketone 1)∶n(Amine) | Time/h | Product | Yieldb(%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1a | 1∶1.2 | Et2NH | 1∶1.0 | 2 | 3a | 30 |
1a | 1∶1.2 | Et2NH | 1∶1.0 | 4 | 3a | 31 |
1a | 1∶1.5 | Et2NH | 1∶1.0 | 5 | 3a | 43 |
1a | 1∶3.0 | Et2NH | 1∶2.0 | 3 | 3a | 69 |
1a | 1∶6.0 | Et2NH | 1∶0.5 | 4 | 3a | 67 |
1a | 1∶3.0 | Morpholine | 1∶2.0 | 4 | 3a | 38 |
1a | 1∶3.0 | (i-Pr)2NH | 1∶1.0 | 4 | 3a | 45 |
1b | 1∶1.3 | Et2NH | 1∶1.0 | 5 | 3b | 35 |
1b | 1∶1.5 | Et2NH | 1∶1.5 | 5 | 3b | 40 |
1b | 1∶3.0 | Et2NH | 1∶2.0 | 3 | 3b | 72 |
Table 1 Reaction of aromatic ketones 1a and 1b in acetic acida
Ketone | n(Ketone 1)∶n(HCHO) | Amine | n(Ketone 1)∶n(Amine) | Time/h | Product | Yieldb(%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1a | 1∶1.2 | Et2NH | 1∶1.0 | 2 | 3a | 30 |
1a | 1∶1.2 | Et2NH | 1∶1.0 | 4 | 3a | 31 |
1a | 1∶1.5 | Et2NH | 1∶1.0 | 5 | 3a | 43 |
1a | 1∶3.0 | Et2NH | 1∶2.0 | 3 | 3a | 69 |
1a | 1∶6.0 | Et2NH | 1∶0.5 | 4 | 3a | 67 |
1a | 1∶3.0 | Morpholine | 1∶2.0 | 4 | 3a | 38 |
1a | 1∶3.0 | (i-Pr)2NH | 1∶1.0 | 4 | 3a | 45 |
1b | 1∶1.3 | Et2NH | 1∶1.0 | 5 | 3b | 35 |
1b | 1∶1.5 | Et2NH | 1∶1.5 | 5 | 3b | 40 |
1b | 1∶3.0 | Et2NH | 1∶2.0 | 3 | 3b | 72 |
Ketone | Solvent | Amine | Catalyst | Time/h | Product | Yieldb(%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1a | HOAc | Et2NH | HOAc | 3 | 3a | 69 |
1a | EtOH | Et2NH | HOAcc | 5 | ||
1a | TFA | Et2NH | TFA | 15 | ||
1a | THF | Et2NH | HOAcc | 12 | ||
1b | HOAc | Et2NH | HOAc | 3 | 3b | 72 |
1b | EtOH | Et2NH | HOAcc | 12 | ||
1b | TFA | Et2NH | TFA | 15 | ||
1b | THF | (i-Pr)2NH | TFAd | 12 | ||
1b | THF | Et2NH | HOAcc | 10 |
Table 2 Effects of solvents on the reaction of aromatic ketones 1a and 1b with formaldehyde and diethylamine a
Ketone | Solvent | Amine | Catalyst | Time/h | Product | Yieldb(%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1a | HOAc | Et2NH | HOAc | 3 | 3a | 69 |
1a | EtOH | Et2NH | HOAcc | 5 | ||
1a | TFA | Et2NH | TFA | 15 | ||
1a | THF | Et2NH | HOAcc | 12 | ||
1b | HOAc | Et2NH | HOAc | 3 | 3b | 72 |
1b | EtOH | Et2NH | HOAcc | 12 | ||
1b | TFA | Et2NH | TFA | 15 | ||
1b | THF | (i-Pr)2NH | TFAd | 12 | ||
1b | THF | Et2NH | HOAcc | 10 |
Entry | Ar | Product | Yieldb(%) | Entry | Ar | Product | Yieldb(%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | C6H5 | 3a | 69 | 9 | 3-F-C6H4 | 3i | 71 |
2 | 4-F-C6H4 | 3b | 72 | 10 | 2,4-F2-C6H3 | 3j | 70 |
3 | 4-Cl-C6H4 | 3c | 70 | 11 | 3,4-F2-C6H3 | 3k | 65 |
4 | 4-Br-C6H4 | 3d | 73 | 12 | 3-Cl-C6H4 | 3l | 68 |
5 | 4-CH3-C6H4 | 3e | 68 | 13 | 3-NO2-C6H4 | 3m | 73 |
6 | 4-OCH3-C6H4 | 3f | 68 | 14 | 2-Naphthyl | 3n | 69 |
7 | 4-NO2-C6H4 | 3g | 72 | 15 | 4-C6H5C6H4 | 3o | 71 |
8 | 2-F-C6H4 | 3h | 72 |
Table 3 Reaction of aromatic ketones with formaldehyde and diethylamine in acetic acida
Entry | Ar | Product | Yieldb(%) | Entry | Ar | Product | Yieldb(%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | C6H5 | 3a | 69 | 9 | 3-F-C6H4 | 3i | 71 |
2 | 4-F-C6H4 | 3b | 72 | 10 | 2,4-F2-C6H3 | 3j | 70 |
3 | 4-Cl-C6H4 | 3c | 70 | 11 | 3,4-F2-C6H3 | 3k | 65 |
4 | 4-Br-C6H4 | 3d | 73 | 12 | 3-Cl-C6H4 | 3l | 68 |
5 | 4-CH3-C6H4 | 3e | 68 | 13 | 3-NO2-C6H4 | 3m | 73 |
6 | 4-OCH3-C6H4 | 3f | 68 | 14 | 2-Naphthyl | 3n | 69 |
7 | 4-NO2-C6H4 | 3g | 72 | 15 | 4-C6H5C6H4 | 3o | 71 |
8 | 2-F-C6H4 | 3h | 72 |
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