三聚氰胺海绵的一步式协同超疏水改性及在油水分离中的应用

doi:10.7503/cjcu20190557

高等学校化学学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (3): 521.doi: 10.7503/cjcu20190557

三聚氰胺海绵的一步式协同超疏水改性及在油水分离中的应用

刘帅卓^1,²,张骞^1,^2,^*,刘宁²,肖文艳²,范雷倚²,周莹^1,^2,^*

^1. 西南石油大学, 油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室, 成都 610500
^2. 西南石油大学, 材料科学与工程学院, 新能源材料及技术研究中心, 成都 610500

收稿日期:2019-10-25 出版日期:2020-02-26 发布日期:2020-01-02
通讯作者: 张骞,周莹
作者简介:张骞, 男, 博士, 副教授, 主要从事环境功能材料研究. E-mail: zhangqian@swpu.edu.cn|周莹, 男, 博士, 教授, 博士生导师, 主要从事油气资源利用和能源催化方面的研究. E-mail: yzhou@swpu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金石油化工联合基金(No.U1862111);四川省国际科技合作与交流研发项目(No.2017HH0030);四川省青年科技创新研究团队专项计划项目(No.2016TD0011);四川省学术和技术带头人培养基金资助

One-step Synergistic Hydrophobic Modification of Melamine Sponge and Its Application ^†

LIU Shuaizhuo^1,²,ZHANG Qian^1,^2,^*,LIU Ning²,XIAO Wenyan²,FAN Leiyi²,ZHOU Ying^1,^2,^*

^1. State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation
^2. Center of New Energy Materials and Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China

Received:2019-10-25 Online:2020-02-26 Published:2020-01-02
Contact: Qian ZHANG,Ying ZHOU
Supported by:
† Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation Petrochemical Joint Fund, China(No.U1862111);the Sichuan Provincial Inter-national Cooperation Project, China(No.2017HH0030);the Innovative Research Team of Sichuan Province, China(No.2016TD0011);the Sichuan Provincial Academic and Technical Leaders Training Funding, China

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

通过硝酸(HNO₃)实现两亲性三聚氰胺海绵(MS)的一步式协同超疏水改性, 从而得到了一种具有优异性能的油水分离材料——硝酸改性三聚氰胺海绵(HMMS). 采用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、热重(TG)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对HMMS的结构、形貌和组分进行了表征, 并对其表面润湿性、机械性能、吸附性能和油水分离性能等进行了研究. 结果表明, HMMS具有超疏水性, 以及优异的机械性能、循环使用能力、选择性吸附能力, 对油水混合物的连续分离效率可达6×10 ⁶ L?m ^-3?h ^-1, 并且可在苛刻的使用环境中保持稳定的物理化学性质.

关键词: 三聚氰胺海绵, 油水分离, 吸附性能, 表面改性, 超疏水

Abstract:

The amphiphilic melamine sponge(MS) was synergistically modified in one step by nitric acid(HNO₃). Thus, the HNO₃ modified melamine sponge(HMMS) with superhydrophobicity was prepared. The structure, morphology and composition of the prepared HMMS were analyzed by Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy(FTIR), thermogravimetry(TG) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM). And its surface wettability, mechanical properties, adsorption properties, recycling performance and oil-water separation perfor-mance were studied. The results show that the HMMS has superhydrophobicity, excellent mechanical properties, recycling ability and selective adsorption capacity, and exhibits high separation efficiency up to 6×10 ⁶ L?m ^-3?h ^-1. Particularly, HMMS can remain stable in physicochemical properties in demanding environments. Therefore, the novel oil-water separation material have high practical application value.

Key words: Melamine sponge, Oil-water separation, Adsorption property, Surface modification, Superhydrophobicity

中图分类号:

O648

TrendMD:

刘帅卓,张骞,刘宁,肖文艳,范雷倚,周莹. 三聚氰胺海绵的一步式协同超疏水改性及在油水分离中的应用. 高等学校化学学报, 2020, 41(3): 521.

LIU Shuaizhuo,ZHANG Qian,LIU Ning,XIAO Wenyan,FAN Leiyi,ZHOU Ying. One-step Synergistic Hydrophobic Modification of Melamine Sponge and Its Application ^†. Chem. J. Chinese Universities, 2020, 41(3): 521.

图/表 9

Fig.1 SEM images of MS(A, F), HMMS-0.05(B, G), HMMS-0.25(C, H), HMMS-0.5(D, I) and HMMS-5(E, J)

Fig.2 FTIR spectra of the effects of different reaction concentrations(A) and reaction time(B) on HMMS (A) a. MS; b. HMMS-0.05; c. HMMS-0.25; d. HMMS-0.5; e. HMMS-1. (B) a. HMMS-0.25, 60 min; b. HMMS-0.25, 120 min; c. HMMS-0.25, 180 min.

Fig.3 TG curve of MS(a) and HMMS-0.5(b)

Fig.4 Photographs of water droplets(dyed with Rhodamine B) and oil droplets(stained with Sudan Ⅲ) on MS(A) and HMMS-0.5(B), water contact angle image of HMMS-0.5(C), MS and HMMS-0.5 sink in the water and float on the water(D), HMMS-0.5 immersed into water under the action of external force to perform the silver mirror phenomenon(E) and schematic diagram of the interior of HMMS-0.5 also remaining superhydrophobic(F)

Fig.5 Effect of different concentrations of nitric acid solution on the WCA of HMMS(A), the effect of different pH(B) and salinity(C) of solutions on the WCA of HMMS-0.5 and the effect of rubbing and squeezing 50 and 100 times on the WCA of HMMS-0.5(D) (A) a. HMMS-0.05; b. HMMS-0.25; c. HMMS-0.5; d. HMMS-1; e. HMMS-5. Insets of (B): the corresponding water contact angle test photographs. (D) a. No rubbing and squeezing; b. after rubbing 50 times; c. after rubbing 100 times; d. after squeezing 50 times. f. after squeezing 100 times.

Fig.6 Distorted extrusion pictures of HMMS-0.5(A—C) and the stress-strain curves of HMMS-0.5 over 50 cycles(80% strain)(D) Insets of (D): the cyclic compression test process of HMMS-0.5 and photographs of water contact angle before and after the test.

Fig.7 Adsorption capacity towards different types of oils and organic solvents over HMMS-0.5(A) and recycling adsorption performance towards n-hexane and pump oil over HMMS-0.5(B) a. Dichloromethane; b. rapeseed oil; c. kerosene; d. vacuum pump oil; e. petroleum cther; f. n-hexane; g. toluene; h. corn oil.

Fig.8 Rapid selective adsorption of HMMS-0.5 for floating n-hexane(A) and methylene chloride underwater(B)

Fig.9 Continuous selective separation of oil-water mixtures under static(A) and dynamic conditions(B) by HMMS-0.5

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三聚氰胺海绵的一步式协同超疏水改性及在油水分离中的应用

One-step Synergistic Hydrophobic Modification of Melamine Sponge and Its Application ^†

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三聚氰胺海绵的一步式协同超疏水改性及在油水分离中的应用

One-step Synergistic Hydrophobic Modification of Melamine Sponge and Its Application †

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One-step Synergistic Hydrophobic Modification of Melamine Sponge and Its Application ^†