接枝亲水型高分子的丝瓜络对水中重金属离子的吸附行为

doi:10.7503/cjcu20160760

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用接枝聚合的方法将亲水性聚丙烯酰胺接枝到丝瓜络上, 部分水解的聚丙烯酰胺的接枝率可高达161.3%. 选择典型的Cu²⁺和Pb²⁺体系, 研究亲水型丝瓜络对水中重金属离子的吸附行为. 结果表明, 在单离子体系中, 准二级动力学方程适于描述亲水型丝瓜络吸附动力学过程, 饱和吸附量随着接枝率和pH值增加而增大, 对Cu²⁺和Pb²⁺的最大饱和吸附量分别为647和 887 mg/g. Langmuir 和Freundlich等温吸附模型都适合描述等温吸附过程. 8次吸附-解吸附循环实验表明, 饱和吸附量基本保持恒定, 同时对吸附机理进行了讨论.

关键词: 丝瓜络, 接枝聚合, 重金属离子, 吸附

Abstract:

A kind of partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamidehydrophilic luffa sponges [luffa-g-(PAM-co-PAANa)] was prepared through grafting polymerization, and the grafting percentage reached up to 161.3%. In typical Cu²⁺ and Pb²⁺ systems, the adsorption behavior of hydrophilic luffa sponges was studied. In a single metal ion system, the adsorption kinetics fits well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic equation. The adsorption capacities increase with the grafting percentage and pH value. In particular, the highest adsorption capacities can reach up to 647 mg/g for Cu²⁺ and 887 mg/g for Pb²⁺. Hydrophilic sample can be regenerated through a simple route and reused in eight adsorption-desorption cycles without any significant loss in the adsorption capacity. The adsorption mechanism was discussed. Definitely, this kind of hydrophilic luffa sponges as effective adsorbent, exhibits potential application in the purification of polluted water system.

Key words: Luffa sponge, Grafting polymerization, Metal ion adsorption, Adsorbent

中图分类号:

O636
O647.3

TrendMD:

刘志, 李炳睿, 潘艳雄, 石凯, 王伟财, 彭超, 王哲, 姬相玲. 接枝亲水型高分子的丝瓜络对水中重金属离子的吸附行为. 高等学校化学学报, 2017, 38(4): 669.

LIU Zhi, LI Bingrui, PAN Yanxiong, SHI Kai, WANG Weicai, PENG Chao, WANG Zhe, JI Xiangling. Adsorption Behavior of Hydrophilic Luffa Sponges to Heavy Metal Ions in Water System^†. Chem. J. Chinese Universities, 2017, 38(4): 669.

图/表 10

Scheme 1 Possible chemical structure for hydrophilic luffa sponges[luffa-g-(PAM-co- PAANa)]

Fig.1 ATR-IR spectra of pristine(a) and hydrophilic luffa sponge(b)

Fig.2 XPS spectra of pristine and hydrophilic[luffa-g-(PAM-co-PAANa)] luffa sponges(A), XPS spectra of C1s for pristine(B), XPS spectra of C1s(C) and O1s(D) for hydrophilic [luffa-g-(PAM-co-PAANa)] luffa sponge

Fig.3 Adsorption kinetic curves of hydrophilic luffa sponge in Cu2+(a), Pb2+(b) solutions(20 ℃, c0=100 mg/L, pH=5.00)(A), fitted with pseudo-first-order kinetic equation(B) and pseudo-second-order kinetic equation(C)

Fig.4 Adsorption procedure of hydrophilic luffa sponge for Cu2+ ions(20 ℃, c0=100 mg/L, pH=5.00) Time/min: (A) 0; (B) 10; (C) 20; (D) 30; (E) 60; (F) 120.

Fig.5 Saturated adsorption capacity of hydrophilic luffa sponge with different grafting percentage in Cu2+(a) and Pb2+(b) solutions(20 ℃,c0 =100 mg/L, pH=5.04)(A), pH influence on absorption capacities of hydrophilic luffa sponge for Cu2+(a) and Pb2+(b) ions at 20 ℃, c0=100 mg/L(B) and zeta potential of the sponge at different pH values(C)

Fig.6 Adsorption capacities of hydrophilic luffa sponge in Cu2+(a), Pb2+(b) solutions with different concentrations(20 oC, pH=5.00)(A), fitted curves using Langmuir(B) and Freundlich isotherm models(C) and XPS spectra of hydrophilic luffa sponge adsorbed Cu2+ ion(D)

Table 1 Adsorption performance of hydrophilic luffa sponge for heavy metal ions and comparison with values reported in the literature

Adsorbent	Absorbate	Adsorption capacity/ (mmol·g^-1 or mg·g^-1)	Time to reach, q_e /min	pH	Reference
PVF-g-GAA	Cu²⁺, Pb²⁺, Cd²⁺	3.3—4.0	10	5.5	[27]
Fe₃O₄@PMAA composite microspheres	Cu²⁺, Pb²⁺, Cr³⁺, Cd²⁺	1.0-3.5		5.0	[28]
Watermelon based biosorbent	Cu²⁺	31.25	20	5.0	[29]
Graphene oxide-chitosan composite hydrogels	Cu²⁺	2.0	10	5.0	[30]
Cassava peels	Cu²⁺, Pb²⁺	8.0, 5.8	20, 120	5.0	[31]
Nanocrystallinecellulose	Cu²⁺	0.3—0.5	120	4.0±0.2	[32]
Xylan-rich hemicelluloses-based hydrogel	Pb²⁺, Cd²⁺	4.1	60	3.5—6.5	[33]
Hydrophilic luffa sponge	Cu²⁺, Pb²⁺	647, 887	30, 240	5.0	This work

Fig.7 Variation of adsorption capacities of hydrophilic luffa sponge in Cu2+/Pb2+ mixture(20 oC, pH=5.00) with [Cu2+] concentration([Pb2+]=100 mg/L)(A), [Pb2+] concentration([Cu2+]=100 mg/L)(B) and ionic strength(c0=100 mg/L)(C)

Fig.8 Desorption procedure of hydrophilic luffa sponge for Cu2+(20 oC, c0=100 mg/L, pH=1.00)(A) and adsorption capacities of hydrophilic luffa sponge for Cu2+(a) and Pb2+(b) at different regeneration cycles(20 oC, c0=100 mg/L, pH=5.00 for adsorption and pH=1.00 for desorption)(B)

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