高等学校化学学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (6): 20220044.doi: 10.7503/cjcu20220044

• 物理化学 • 上一篇    下一篇

七氟异丁腈负离子结构与反应活性的理论研究

戴卫, 侯华, 王宝山()   

  1. 武汉大学化学与分子科学学院, 武汉 430072
  • 收稿日期:2022-01-18 出版日期:2022-06-10 发布日期:2022-03-04
  • 通讯作者: 王宝山 E-mail:baoshan@whu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFB2401400);国家自然科学基金(U1966211)

Theoretical Investigations on the Electronic Structures and Reactivity of Heptafluoro-iso-butyronitrile Anion

DAI Wei, HOU Hua, WANG Baoshan()   

  1. College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China
  • Received:2022-01-18 Online:2022-06-10 Published:2022-03-04
  • Contact: WANG Baoshan E-mail:baoshan@whu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFB2401400);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1966211)

摘要:

新型环保绝缘气体七氟异丁腈(C4)在高压输电应用中备受关注. 本文采用多种高精度量子化学理论方法研究了C4吸附电子后形成C4-负离子的结构、 光谱、 寿命以及与CO2的反应机理和动力学. 结果表明, 电子进入C≡N的π*反键轨道, 通过弯曲C—C=N形成C4-负离子, 绝热电子亲合能的最佳预测值为0.30 eV. 在 0~2 eV范围内C4-具有显著的光电子吸收峰, 亚稳态C4-负离子经约9 kJ/mol能垒断裂C—F键生成稳定的长寿命[F...(CF3)2CCN]-中间体. C4-+CO2反应存在进攻F或CN上的C和N 3种复合-解离机理, 在电气应用条件下, 以CO2进攻氰基CN途径为主, 诱发负电荷从CN向CO2转移.

关键词: 七氟异丁腈负离子, 电子亲合能, 电子吸附, 离子-分子反应, 协同效应

Abstract:

Heptafluoro-iso-butyronitrile(C4) has attracted considerable interest for its use as a novel eco-friendly dielectric gas in various high-voltage applications. Electronic structures, photoelectron spectra, lifetime, reaction mechanisms, and kinetics for the C4- anion formed by electron attachment to C4, together with the C4-+CO2 reaction, were calculated using various high-level ab initio methods. The electron in the π* anti-bond orbital of C≡N leads to the bent C—C=N geometry of C4- anion, and best theoretical adiabatic electron affinity is 0.30 eV. Photodetachment spectrum of C4- anion exhibits significant absorption in the range 0—2 eV peaked at 1.63 eV. C4- anion prefers to decompose via C—F bond fission, surmounting a barrier of ca. 9 kJ/mol, to form the long-lived [F...(CF32CCN]- intermediate, in which the C...F distance is as long as around 0.2 nm. The C4-+CO2 reaction takes place via three stepwise association/elimination mechanisms, namely, F, C or N of CN site-specified attacking by CO2, resulting in energetically feasible electron-transfer from CN to CO2. The present theoretical results shed new light on the high dielectric strength of C4 and the synergistic effect of the C4/CO2 gas mixture.

Key words: Heptafluoro-iso-butyronitrile anion, Electron affinity, Electron attachment, Ion-molecule reaction, Synergistic effect

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