高等学校化学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (11): 20260314.doi: 10.7503/cjcu20260314

• 研究快报 • 上一篇    

纳米孔道单分子技术检测寡核苷酸定制样品中的杂质

韩云香, 胡正利(), 王佳, 应佚伦, 龙亿涛()   

  1. 南京大学化学学院,分子传感与成像中心,南京 210023
  • 收稿日期:2026-08-29 出版日期:2026-11-10 发布日期:2026-10-14
  • 通讯作者: 胡正利 E-mail:zhenglihu@nju.edu.cn;yitaolong@nju.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:龙亿涛, 男, 博士, 教授, 主要从事纳米孔道电分析方面的研究. E-mail: yitaolong@nju.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(22334006;22576095);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(020514380356);南京大学国际合作提升计划(020514380355)

Single-molecule Detection of Impurities in Customized Oligonucleotides by Nanopore

HAN Yunxiang, HU Zhengli(), WANG Jia, YING Yilun, LONG Yitao()   

  1. Molecular Sensing and Imaging Center,School of Chemistry,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China
  • Received:2026-08-29 Online:2026-11-10 Published:2026-10-14
  • Contact: HU Zhengli E-mail:zhenglihu@nju.edu.cn;yitaolong@nju.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22334006;22576095);Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(020514380356);Nanjing University International Collaboration Initiative Project, China(020514380355)

关键词: 纳米孔道, 单分子检测, 寡核苷酸定制样品, 杂质分析

Abstract:

Conventional methods mainly rely on ensemble-averaged bulk characterization, which remains challenging for identifying low-abundance endogenous impurities generated during synthesis. Here, we developed a biological nanopore-based single-molecule strategy for the direct detection of truncated-sequence impurities in customized oligonucleotide samples. Using an aerolysin nanopore to analyze a customized poly(dA)9 sample, we observed three clearly distinguishable characteristic peaks in the nanopore current fingerprint spectrum. Among them, the peaks with smaller current blockages matched those of poly(dA)4 and poly(dA)3, indicating the presence of additional oligonucleotide species besides the target product. In addition, the relative peak area ratios remained nearly constant over the data acquisition period from 0.5 to 10 min, demonstrating that this method can provide stable impurity signals within 1 min and enable rapid analysis of sample compositional heterogeneity. This study expands the application of nanopore technology in the quality evaluation of real biomolecular products and offers a single-molecule analytical strategy for impurity detection in oligonucleotides and other biomolecules.

Key words: Nanopore, Single-molecule detection, Customized oligonucleotide, Impurity analysis

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